Scientific American June 2003 (tdr).pdf

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1、TESTTUBEBABIESANDCLONES•THENEXTSTEPFORPHYSICSMadCow–TypePlagueStrikesWildDeerJUNE2003$4.95WWW.SCIAM.COMCOMPUTER,HEALTHYSELFANENDTODISASTROUSCRASHES?MartianMysteriesHowChainLettersEvolveCOPYRIGHT2003SCIENTIFICAMERICAN,INC.contentsjune2003SCIENTIFICAMERICANVolume288Number6featur

2、esEMERGINGDISEASES38ShootThisDeerBYPHILIPYAMWilddeerinpartsoftheU.S.aredyingofacontagiouswastingillnesssimilartomadcowdisease.Unchecked,itmightendangerhumansandlivestock.ASTRONOMY44TheUnearthlyLandscapesofMarsBYARDENL.ALBEETheweirddynamicsshapingthesurfaceoftheRedPlanetrevealt

3、hatMarsisnotjustacolder,drierEarth.COMPUTING54Self-RepairingComputersBYARMANDOFOXANDDAVIDPATTERSONSystemsinevitablyfail.Thekeytoreliablecomputingisbuildingsystemsthatcrashgracefullyandrecoverquickly.BIOTECHNOLOGY62Pandora’sBabyBYROBINMARANTZHENIGIftoday’ssocialargumentsagainst

4、humancloningsoundfamiliar,it’sbecausefoesofinvitrofertilizationraisedthem20yearsago.PHYSICS54Thekeyto68TheDawnofPhysicscrashrecoverybeyondtheStandardModelBYGORDONKANEAfter30yearsoftriumphs,theStandardModelofparticlephysicsisattheheightofitssuccess.Somethingevenbetterisontheway

5、.INFORMATIONSCIENCE76ChainLettersandEvolutionaryHistoriesBYCHARLESH.BENNETT,MINGLIANDBINMAStudiesofchainlettersshowhowtoinferthefamilytreeofanythingthatevolves,fromgenestolanguagestoplagiarizedschoolwork.www.sciam.comSCIENTIFICAMERICAN5COPYRIGHT2003SCIENTIFICAMERICAN,INC.depar

6、tmentsSCIENTIFICAMERICANVolume288Number68SAPerspectivesApoundoffleshfortransplants.10HowtoContactUs10OntheWeb362813Letters1650,100&150YearsAgo32Innovations18NewsScanJamesCamerondirectsrobots,notDiCaprio,inareturntotheTitanic.■SARSandbioterrorpreparedness.■Grassrootseffortstomee

7、tKyotostandards.34StakingClaims■Hybridrocketsfinallyblastoff.Acourtrulingcould,someuniversitiesfear,■HeightenedU.S.securityblocksforeignscientists.harshlylimitthefreedomtoexperiment.■Aquantum“violation”oftheSecondLaw.36Insights■BytheNumbers:Globalizationtrends.U.N.inspectorRocc

8、oCasagrandereflectson■DataPoints:Futurefreshwatershortages.the