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1、湛江一中2016届高二级第二学期英语科艺术生辅导资料词性和句子成分高二()班学号:_______姓名:___________分数:__________句子主要成分:主语、谓语、宾语写作离不开句子,要写好英语的句子,首先要了解英语的句子由哪些成分构成,能充当这些成分的各是什么词。一、主语(subject):句子的主题练习:(每题1分,共8分)请找出下列句子的主语(下划单横线),并归纳总1TheboycomesfromAmerica.2Heusuallygoestoschoolalone.3LearningEnglish
2、isveryimportant.4Toteachhimalessonseemsquitenecessary.5Thathewontheprizeexcitedeveryone.6Itisimportantforustohaveourdreams.7Itisobviousthathewaswrong.8Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收)归纳并记忆:1主语由什么词充当呢?谁什么:_________________做什么:_________________某件事:___________
3、_______2主语一般放在什么位置?一般情况下,句子的主语放于___________,但当句子的主语过长(由_____________、_______________、_____________构成)时,为了使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,常用______放于句首,作形式主语,而把真正的主语置于________。3动词可以作主语吗?Playbasketballismyfavouritesport.二谓语(verb)说明主语的动作、状态、或者特征,由动词或动词词组充当,除了倒装情况,谓语总是谓语主语的后面,即:主语+谓语练
4、习:(每题1分,共6分)找出下列句子的谓语(下划双横线)并指出谓语的构成:实义动词、连系动词+表语、情态动词+动词的原形、助动词+动词的适当形式91Hisparentsareteachers.2Thesunrisesintheeast.3Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.4Yououghttoworkharder.5Ifeltcold.6Hedoesn'tlikemusic.三宾语(object):表示动作的对象练习:(每题1分,共9分)请找出下列句子的宾语(下划波浪线),并归纳总结1Heha
5、snevermetherinperson.2Shehandedhimabook.3Helikestoplaybasketball.4Weenjoylisteningtomusic.5Shesaidshefeltsick.6Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.7Ifouditimpossibletobelieveheranylonger.8Weconsideritnogoodgettinguplate.9Theybelieveditstrangethatheshouldhavedonethat.归
6、纳并记忆:1宾语由什么词充当?与充当主语的词进行比较2宾语的位置:一般情况下,宾语放于谓语(及物动词)的后面,但当句子的宾语为__________、__________、__________时,为避免头重脚轻,使句子平衡,常用______作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放于_________。3由上面的练习3和4联想:什么时候用动名词作宾语?什么时候用不定式?怎么确定?记忆下列动词后跟不定式作宾语:attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,wish,intend,learn,need,o
7、ffer,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wouldlike等+todo记忆下列动词后跟动名词作宾语:admit,advise,suggest,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse(请原谅),finish,forbid,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,giveup,can'thelp,lookforward等+doing综合练习:(每题4分,共36分)分析下列句子,找出主语(下划单横线),谓语(下划双横线),宾语(下划波浪线)。1T
8、hegirlcomesfromJapan.2Hefouditnousetryingtopersuadeher.3Tobeateacherismydream.4Doingaresearchisanecessarystepofcoveringastory.95Manychangestookplaceinmyhometown.6I'dliketosw