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1、应用生态学报2010年1月第21卷第1期ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Jan.2010,21(1):48-52干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性玉米杂交种产量3和根系生理特性的影响33齐伟张吉旺王空军刘鹏董树亭(山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018)摘要通过盆栽人工模拟干旱试验,研究了全生育期中度干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性玉米杂交种(耐旱:京科628;不耐旱:农大95)产量及根系生理特性的影响.结果表明:干旱胁迫下,耐旱玉米产量比对照减少3317%,不耐旱玉米则比对照减少6213%.干旱胁迫下,玉米根系生物量降
2、低且最大值出现时间提前,与对照相比,不耐旱玉米根冠比升高,耐旱玉米根冠比前期升高后期降低;根系活力降低,不耐旱玉米根系活力降低幅度大于耐旱玉米;根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性前期高于对照后期低于对照,耐旱玉米根系SOD活性开始低于对照的时间比不耐旱玉米晚;根系丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,随干旱胁迫处理时间的延长,不耐旱玉米MDA含量比对照升高的幅度大于耐旱玉米;根系可溶性蛋白含量降低,不耐旱玉米的降低幅度大于耐旱玉米.干旱胁迫下耐旱玉米杂交种根系活力﹑根系SOD活性及可溶性蛋白含量较高,减缓了根系的衰老进程,延长了根系功能期,这可能是耐旱玉米杂交种在
3、干旱胁迫下仍能获得较高产量的重要原因之一.关键词玉米耐旱性产量根系特性文章编号1001-9332(2010)01-0048-05中图分类号S513文献标识码AEffectsofdroughtstressonthegrainyieldandrootphysiologicaltraitsofmaizevarietieswithdifferentdroughttolerance.QIWei,ZHANGJi2wang,WANGKong2jun,LIUPeng,DONGShu2ting(StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,Colle
4、geofAgronomy,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,Shandong,China).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2010,21(1):48-52.Abstract:Apotexperimentwasconductedtostudytheeffectsofsimulatedmoderatedroughtinwholegrowthperiodonthegrainyieldandrootphysiologicaltraitsofdrought2tolerantmaizevarietyJ
5、K2628anddrought2sensitivemaizevarietyND295.Comparedwiththecontrol,thegrainyieldofJK2628andND295underthestressofmoderatedroughtwasdecreasedby3317%and6213%,re2spectively.Underdroughtstress,therootbiomassofthetwovarietiesdecreased,withthemaximumvalueappearedahead.Theroot/shootrati
6、oofJK2628increasedatearlygrowthstagebutdecreasedatlategrowthstage,whilethatofND295increasedallalong.ND295hadalargerdecrementofrootactivitythanJK2628.TherootSODactivityindrought2stressplantswashigherinprophasebutlow2erinanaphase,comparedwiththatinthecontrol,andthetimeofSODactivi
7、tybeguntolowerwaslaterforJK2628thanforND295.TherootMDAcontentindrought2stressplantswasincreased,andtheincrementwasmuchhigherforND295thanforJK2628.Inaddition,therootsolubleproteincontentindrought2stressplantswasdecreased,andND295hadalargerdecrementthanJK2628.Inaword,underdrought
8、stress,therootactivity,SODactivity,andsolubleproteinco
