复旦大学02年博士英语试题

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1、复旦大学2002年博士研究生入学考试试题PaperOnePartIListening(15%)(略)PartIIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C・andD・.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkt

2、hecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1OneofthegreatestmysteriesinthestudyofCetacea[aquaticmammals]hasalwaysbeenthatthecreaturesfoundinthestomachsoftoothedwhalesshownoteethmarks.NowaUniversityofCaliforniaatSantaCruzprofessorthinkshemayhav

3、esolvedtheenigmawithwhathecallsthe"bigbang"theoryofcetaceanpredation.KenNorris,naturalhistoryprofessor,believesthatratherthanusetheirteethtoattacktheirvictims,toothedwhalesstuntheirpreywithintenseburstsofsound.Hepointsoutthatall68speciesofodontocetes(asub-orderthatincludesdol

4、phins)usesoundtolocatetheirvictims,andsuggeststhisabilitymayhaveevolvedtothepointwhereitcouldbeusedasaweapon.Millionsofyearsago,theancestorsofwhaleshadanarrowtaperedjaw,streamlinedforspeedandbristlingwithlongrowsofsharpteeth.Todayodontocetesarenotadaptedtosurprisingtheirpreyo

5、rtrappingitquickly.Mostaremorebulkythantheirforebearers;theirteethareshortandunevenlyspacedwhentheyexistatall.Norrissuggeststhatbecauseoftheirsonarability,whales'teethhavebecomevestigial,likethehumanappendix.Itisdifficulttotestthebigbangtheorybecauseincaptivity,cetaceanstendt

6、omoderatetheirsonarsoasnottodeafenothercreaturesintheirsmall,highlyreflectivetanks.Dolphinsareknowntopolitelyturnofftheirecholocationsystemswhenpassingoneanother.Andinthewildit'shardtotellwhetherasoundcamefromanearbyanimalorformanotherveryfaraway.ButNorrispointstothemalenarwh

7、alastacitproofofhistheory.Thiswhalehasnoteeth,andthesinglespiraltuskthatextendsabouteightfeetinfrontofhimwouldseemtobemoreofanimpedimentthananaidincatchingshrimp,hispreferredfeed.uYoulookattheseanimalsandyouwonderwhat'sgoingonT21.Theunderlinedword"enigma"means•A.debateB.factC

8、.mysteryD.proof22.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto.A.argueforabano