Gausssian description of squeezed light and magnetometry.pdf

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1、GaussianDescriptionofSqueezedLightandMagnetometryViviPetersenquantopDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomyUniversityofAarhus,DenmarkPhDThesisJuly2006ThisthesisissubmittedtotheFacultyofScienceattheUni-versityofAarhus,Denmark,inordertofulfilltherequire-mentsforobtainingthePhDdegreeinPhysics.Thestudi

2、eshavebeencarriedoutattheDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomyundersupervisionofProfessorKlausMølmerandAssociateResearchProfessorLarsBojerMadsen,fromAugust2002toJuly2006.Anelectronicversionofthisthesiswillbeavailableat:http://www.vivi.computing.dk/study/ContentsContentsiPublicationsvPrefaceviiAc

3、knowledgments.............................viiAbstract(inDanishandEnglish)ix1IntroductiontotheThesis11.1Introduction..............................21.2ThesisOutline.............................52GenerationofSqueezinginaCavity72.1Introduction..............................82.2Squeezing........

4、.......................82.3Entanglement.............................82.4StandardTreatmentofSqueezinginanOpticalParametricOscillator................................92.5HomodyneDetection.........................132.6Conclusion...............................143GaussianDescriptionofSqueezedLig

5、ht173.1Introduction..............................183.2GaussianTheory...........................183.3SqueezingPropertiesoftheIntracavityField...........243.4SqueezingPropertiesoftheEmittedBeam............26iContents3.4.1CollectiveObservableforManyLightSegments.....273.4.2FiniteBandwidthDete

6、ction.................313.5Conclusion...............................344Magnetometry374.1Introduction..............................384.2GaussianVariables..........................394.2.1AtomicVariables.......................394.2.2StokesParameters......................404.2.3TheMagneticFiel

7、d......................414.3InteractionsintheSystem......................414.3.1LarmorPrecessionofanAtomicSpin...........414.3.2FaradayRotationofthePolarizationofLight.......424.4EstimationoftheMagneticField..................444.5Stern-GerlachMeasurementontheA