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1、1IntroductionAlotofthemeshavebeenintenselydebatedbyliterarycriticssincethenovelTheScarletLetterwrittenbyAmericannovelistNathanielHawthornecameout.Criticsholdtheirownviewpointsrespectively.Amongtheseperspectives,symbolismofthecapitalletter“A”,feminismoftheheroineHesterPrynneandself-salvationofthe
2、threemaincharactersoccupythevastmajority,andthetopicoffeminismisthemostdrasticallydiscussed.Inthisnovel,Hawthorneconcentratedondescribingtheweaknessandsadnessaboutfemalesocietyintheworldofpuritan.AndthestorycarriedadeepinfluenceofHawthornebyPuritanism.Intermsofthetopic,somescholarshavestudiedand
3、madesomeprogressabouttheoriginanddevelopment,however,whytheFeminismemergedinthatperiodandwhatcausedsuchfemalemovementorfemaleconsciousnessenlightenmenthavebeenincertaindoubt.Thisthesisanalysesthereasonoffeminismmainlyfromcharacterrelationshipandhowtheresidentsinthissmallvillagetreatherfromthebeg
4、inningtotheend.ThisthesisisdesignedtoanswerinwhatoccasionthatHesterPrynnerealizesherownproperrightsandstartstoreacttotheunfairandinequalityimposedonherbythesociety.2Theatricalbackgrounds2.1HawthorneandhisworksNathanielHawthorne(1804-1864)isgreatestromanticnovelistinthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturyin
5、thehistoryofAmericanliterature,andalsoapsychologicalanalysisnovelcreatorinAmericanromanticliterature.Poesaidthat“hisnovelsbelongtothehighestlevelofart,subjecttoaveryhighlevelofartisticgenius.”(Richard,1955:p.5)NathanielHawthornewasborninadeclinedfamilyofSalem,Massachusetts,ontheJuly4,1804.23Oneo
6、fhisforefatherswasinvolvedinPuritanpersecutedheresy,forthefamous1692“Salemdrivingwitch’scase”asoneofthethreejudges.ThisperiodofhistoryhadaprofoundeffectonHawthorne’sthought,whoseeffectinfluencedhiscreationofhismasterpieceTheScarletLetter,whichwillbediscussedindetail.Hawthorneisawriterwhosethough
7、tisfullofcontradiction,andthepuritantraditionofNewEnglandhadadeepinfluenceonhim.Ontheonehand,herebelledagainstthetradition,criticizedreligiousfanaticismandnarrowness,andhypocriticalreligiousbeliefs;Ontheotherhandhewasrestrai
