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ID:33380924
大小:1.21 MB
页数:50页
时间:2019-02-24
《【8A文】Physical-examination(体格检查).ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、PhysicalexaminationDepartmentofEndocrinologyHainanmedicalcollegeWangXinjun(王新军)knewman@163.com18789826999PhysicalexaminationItistheprocessofexaminingthepatient’sbodytodeterminethepresenceorabsenceofphysicalproblems.Weuseeachofourfoursensestoelicitsignsofdis
2、ease:Inspection视诊(sightandsmell)Palpation触诊(touch)Percussion叩诊(touchandhearing)Auscultation听诊(hearing)“teachtheeyetosee,thefingertofeel,andtheeartohear”Whatisthefifth?Smelling(嗅诊)InspectionInspectionisthesearchforphysicalsignsbyobservingthepatientwithyourey
3、esandsenseofsmell.FirststepinexaminingapatientorbodypartItincludesageneralsurveyofthepatient’smentalstatus(精神状况)posture(姿势)bodymovementgait(步态)breathodor(呼吸气味)skintypepatternofspeechstature(身材)stateofnutrition(营养状况)acromeglyHowtoinspectMakesuretheroomisinac
4、omfortabletemperatureUsegoodlighting,preferablysunlightLookandobservebeforetouchingComparesymmetricalbodypartsMentalstatusandpersonalgroomingDoesthepatientlookwellorsick?Ishecomfortableinbed?Doesheappearindistress?Ishealertorishegroggy?Doeshelookacutelyorch
5、ronicallyill?poornutritionsunkeneyestemporalwastinglooseskinDoesthepatientappearclean?Isherhaircombed?Doesshebitehernails?Posture姿势ItmayrevealsignificantinformationCongestiveheartfailure:sitinachairtheentirenightThusthepositionsofthepatientatthetimeoftheexa
6、minationmaysuggestcertaindiseasepossibilitiesPalpationPalpationisemployedoneverypartofthebodyaccessibletotheexaminingfingers.ThepalpationofabdomenisparticularlyimportantTheexaminertouchesandfeelsthepatient’sbodypartwithhishandstoexaminetexture(质地)Moisturesk
7、intemperaturecharacteristicsofmassestenderness(触痛)ofanorganorbodypartCharacteristicofmassessize(大小)shapeconsistency(密度)motilitysurfaceregularitypresenceorabsenceofexpansileortransmittedpulsation.MethodsofpalpationAlwaysbeginpalpationinanareaoftheabdomenthat
8、isfarthestfromthelocationofpainTypesofpalpationLightpalpation(浅部触诊)Deeppalpation(深部触诊)Bimanualpalpation(双手触诊法)LightpalpationDeeppalpationUsedtodetermineorgansizeaswellasthepresenceofabdominalmassesThep
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