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1、Unit2.TheUnitedKingdomPUZZLESINGEOGRAPHYPeoplemaywonder(=wanttoknow/besurprised)whydifferentwordsareused(主动如何表达)todescribethesefourcountries:England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.Youcanclarifythisquestion(means:thequestionwillbeclearif…)ifyoustudyBritishhisto
2、ry.FirsttherewasEngland.Waleswaslinkedtoitinthethirteenthcentury.Nowwhenpeoplereferto(=mention/speakof)Englandyoufind(that)Wales(is)includedaswell.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedtoScotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandthenamewaschangedto"GreatBritain".Happilythiswasac
3、complishedwithoutconflict(peacefully/inapeacefulway)whenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.However,thesouthernpartofIr
4、elandwasunwillingandbrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdomandthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack.Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinter
5、nationalrelations),buttheywillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.Forexample,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystemaswellasdifferentfootballtermsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceiti
6、sdividedroughlyintothreezones.ThezonenearestFranceiscalledtheSouthofEngland,themiddlezoneiscalledtheMidlandsandtheonenearesttoScotlandisknownastheNorth.Youfind(that)mostofthepopulation(is)settledinthesouth,butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEn
7、gland.Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld-famousfootballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!Itisapitythattheindustrialcities(which/thatare)builtinthenineteenthcentury)donotattractvisitors.Forhistoricalarchitectureyouhavetogotoolder
8、butsmallertowns(builtbytheRomans.)ThereyouwillfindoutmoreaboutBritishhistoryandculture.ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureofallisLondonwithitsmuseums,artcollections,theatre