高效石油降解菌的筛选及其降解特性

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1、农业环境科学学报圆园园8熏圆7穴1雪:0230-0233允燥怎则灶葬造燥枣粤早则燥鄄耘灶增蚤则燥灶皂藻灶贼杂糟蚤藻灶糟藻高效石油降解菌的筛选及其降解特性杨雪莲1袁李凤梅2袁刘婉婷2袁李刚2(1.沈阳大学环境工程重点实验室袁辽宁沈阳110044曰2.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所袁辽宁沈阳110016冤摘要院从辽河油田和大庆油田石油污染土壤中分离筛选出两株高效石油降解菌L10和D6菌株袁经形态观察尧生理生化反应袁确定此两株菌分别为芽孢杆菌属中的枯草芽孢杆菌渊Bacillussubtilis冤和地衣芽孢杆菌渊Bacilluslicheniformis冤遥采用室内盆栽培养方法袁研究了石油

2、烃的浓度和性质对两菌株降解活性的影响遥结果发现袁土壤中石油烃的含量和处理时间均影响微生物的降解效果袁在处理10d时袁石油烃的去除率随着污染强度的增加而降低曰随着处理时间的延长袁微生物适应环境后袁在石油烃含量为0.5%~2.0%时袁石油烃的去除率随着浓度的增加而升高袁在石油烃含量为2.0%~10.0%时袁石油烃的去除率随着浓度的增加而降低曰石油烃的性质影响菌株的生物活性袁L10和D6两菌株对稀油的去除效果明显高于对稠油的去除效果袁各组分的去除率依次为烷烃跃芳烃跃胶质沥青质袁两菌株对不同性质的石油烃中的烷烃尧芳烃和胶质沥青质的去除率不同遥关键词：石油降解菌；筛选；降解特性；去除率中图

3、分类号院X172文献标识码院粤文章编号院1672-2043(2008)01-0230-04IsolationofPetroleum-degradingStrainsandTheirDegradingCharacteristicsYANGXue-lian1,LIFeng-mei2,LIUWan-ting2,LIGang2(1.ShenyangKeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalEngineering,ShenyangUniversity,Shenyang110044,China;2.InstituteofAppliedEcology,CAS,Shenyang11

4、0016,China)Abstract院Petroleum-degradingstrainsL10andD6wereobtainedbyselectiveenrichmentculturefromeightcontaminatedsoilsamplescol原lectedfromLiaoheandDaqingOilFields.Thetestsinshakingflasksshowedthattheycoulddegradepetroleumhydrocarbonwellandthere原movalratescouldreach39.5%and47.9%at30d.Accordi

5、ngtomorphologicobservation,physiologicalandbiochemicalcharacteristics,theywereidentifiedasBacillussubtilisandBacilluslicheniformisrespectively.Theirremovalabilitiestopetroleumwereaffectedbypetroleum忆sconcentrationsandproperties.At10d,theremovalratesreducedwithincreasingconcentrationsofpetrole

6、um.Withthetreatmenttimepro原longed,theremovalratesincreasedatconcentrations0.5%~2.0%andreducedwhentheconcentrationswere2.0%~10.0%,implyingthatap原propriatepetroleumconcentrationstimulatedtheactivitiesofmicrobes,buthigherpetroleumconcentrationrestrainedtheiractivities.Thedegradationratesofthin-o

7、ilbyL10andD6werehigherthanthoseofviscous-oilunderthesameconditions.Theremovalratesofaromatics,pectinandasphaltbyL10andD6weredifferentduetothepetroleumproperties.Theorderofremovalrateforeachcomponentwasalkanes跃aromatics跃pectinandasphalt,withth