英语指导：英语百篇精读荟萃(基础篇11)

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1、英语指导：英语百篇精读荟萃(基础篇11)PassageEleven(SuperconductingMaterials)Thestoneage,ThelronAge.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.SowhattocalIthedecadesaheadThechoicewillbetough・Welcometotheageofsuperstuff.Materialscieneeoncetheleastsexytechnology-isburstingwithnew,practicaldiscoveriesledbysuperconducti

2、ngceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture:fromhousea.ndcarstocookpotsandartificialteeth,theworldwillsomedaybemadeofdifferentstuff.Exoticplastics,glassandeeramieswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.Thekeytothenewmate

3、rialsisresearchersincreasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramics,forexample,havelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.Butbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseit,scientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstilIretresistance.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramietoolstocutstee1.Af

4、irmealledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrode.Asimilartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowformbridges,ice—skatingrinksandhelicopterrotors・Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricgui

5、tars,touchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop・Evenplasticlitter,whichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscape,hasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms；someplasticsix-packringsforexample,graduallydecomposewhen

6、exposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.Besides,composites-plasticreinforcedwithfibersofgraphiteorothercompounds-madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat:ahelmetsavedaninfantryman，slifebydeflectingtwobulletsint

7、heGrenadainvasion・Someadvancedmateriaewtwist.Theephonecallssparentthatnewestfibercross-countapieceof100lsareoldstaopticcabletryaremadeofmilesthickinastandardwindowpane.Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntilintoproducticult,forswinvestment・vet