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ID:31170643
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页数:6页
时间:2019-01-07
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1、SomethingMoreaboutSimplePast 1Introduction Thepasttenseisusedtorefertosomethingwhichoccurredataparticulartimeinthepast(Willis2003:34).ThisseeminglysimplerulecouldbeveryconfusinganddifficultforEnglishlearnersinChina.Simplepastiscrucialforitfirstintroducestheconceptof"tense"andago
2、odgraspofsimplepastwouldlayasolidfoundationforfuturelearningofmorecomplicatedtensesandaspectslikepresentperfectandpastcontinuous.Thispaperwillanalyzewhatsimplepastis,whyitisdifficult,andhowtoteachittoChinesestudents. 2Explanationofsimplepasttense Literallypasttenseiscloselyrelat
3、edtothetimepast'.Sinclair(1990:250)definesfourcircumstanceswheresimplepasttenseisapplicable.Theyare:eventsoccurredorcasesinthepast,pastsituations,somethinghappenedinapastsituationwhetherornotthatsituationstillexistsandactivitiesregularlyorrepeatedlytookplaceinthepastbutwhichnolong
4、eroccurs.Thesecompletedevents,statesoractions,beingexpressedinsimplepasttense,areusuallyusedasatimeanchor'toestablish6thekeytimeframe'tomovestoriesforward(Parrott2000:185).Quirketal(1972:86)alsoexplainthebasicmeaningofsimplepastinasimilarwayastodenotedefinitepasttime.However,hepoi
5、ntsoutsomeexceptionalcaseswherepasttensedoesnotrefertopasttime,suchasindirect/reportedspeech,attitudinalpast(relatetothespeaker'sattituderatherthantime),andhypotheticalpastespeciallyif'clause. WhereasattitudinalpastistreatedbyQuickonlyasaexceptionalcase,Yule(1998:61)challengesthe
6、wildlyusedimageoftimelineasthebasisofgrammaticalcategoryoftense,anddebatesthat"perhapsabetterimagewouldhavethetimeofutterance(speaker'snow)atthecenterandotherreferencedsituationsbeingviewedasextendingindifferentdimensionsoftimeorpossibilityawayfromthatcenter."Thetermremoteness'(Yu
7、le1998:60)ordistance'(Batstone1994:19),maynotonlyrefertotime,butalsotothepsychological,social,hypotheticrelevancetothespeaker'sstateofmind.Itcansuggestthatthespeakers'choiceofpasttenserepresentsthathe/sheisdistancedorremotefromapropositioneitherintimeorinothersenses(Willis2003100-
8、1).Inall,simplepasttenseisacompli
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