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1、“广场协议”对日本经济的影响摘要:20世纪80年代,美国与日本的双边贸易摩擦不断加剧。1985年,美日等国签订了著名的“广场协议”,引发日元急剧升值。日元升值给日本经济带来了短期利益,大大提高了日元升值在国际货币体系中的地位。90年代初,日本经济由稳定增长转而出现日元升值、泡沫膨胀及破裂、通货紧缩以及经济持续低迷等现象,直至今日,日本经济一直长期不振。可以说,“广场协议”带来的日元急剧升值是日本经济长期低迷的重要原因,但是,“广场协议”只是加速了日元升值的进程,而不是升值的肇始者。1985年以前,日元已具备了升值基础,“广场协议”仅是加速了这一进程,推动日元汇率在短期内出
2、现过度调整。但“广场协议”使得日元急剧升值是不争的事实,而日元升值是日本泡沫经济形成与破裂的重要原因。当前,中国和日本在80年代一样,成为世界经济发展的焦点。近20年来,中国经济飞速发展,国际竞争力不断提高,外汇储备日益增多,国际上鼓动人民币升值的压力越来越大,如何顶住压力、根据自身国情实行独立自主的汇率政策,泡沫经济的产生与破裂也有我们足资借鉴的地方。关键词:“广场协议”;日元升值;泡沫经济Abstract:thenineteen:theUnitedStatesandJapanbilateraltradefrictionintensified.In1985,United
3、StatesandJapanandothercoutriessignedthefamous“squareagreemend”,triggeredasharpappreciationoftheyen.theyenhasbroughttheshort-terminterestsofappreciationtotheJapaneseeconomy,greatlyimprovingtheappreciationoftheyen’positionintheinternationalmonetarysystem.90intheearly1990s,theJapaneseeconomy
4、bythesteadygrowthturnedtotheappreciationoftheyen,thebubbleexpansionandrupture,deflationandtheeconomicdownturnphenomenon,untilltoday,theJapaneseeconomyhasnotlong-termvibration.Canbesaidthat,”thesharpappriciationoftheyenPlazaAgreement”isanimportantreasonforJapan’slong-termeconomicdownturn,h
5、owecer,”squareagreemend”hasonlyaccelerratedtheprocessofappreciationoftheyenappriciation,ratherthanthepioneer.before1985,theyenhasappriciated,“squareagreemend”isonlyacceleratethisprocess,drivingtheyenexchangerateintheshortterm.Butthe“PlazaAgreement”makesasharpappreciationoftheyenisthefactt
6、hatdoesnotdispute,andtheappreciationoftheyenisoneofthemostimportantreasonsandrupute6oftheJapanesebubbleeconomy.Atpresent,ChinaandJapaninthe80’s,hasbecomethefocusoftheworldeconomicdevelopment.Inthepast20years,China’srapideconomicdevelopment,internationalreserves,encouragingtheincreasingpre
7、ssureonRMBappreciation,howtowithstandthepressure,tostandonone’sowncurrencypolicyaccordingtotheirownnationalconditions,theemergenceofthebubbleeconomyandtherupturehaveweenoughtouseforreference.Keywords:”squareagreemend”;theappreciationoftheyen;bubbleeconomy一、序论序论(一)本文