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1、Abrahamism? themonotheisticAbrahamicreligions,consideredcollectively.Agnosticism1.Theviewthatabsolutetruthorultimatecertaintyisunattainable,especiallyregardingknowledgenotbasedonexperienceorperceivablephenomena.2.TheviewthattheexistenceofGodorofalldeitiesisunk
2、nown,unknowable,unproven,orunprovable.3.Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardingtheexistenceofagodorgods.4.(byextension)Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardinganysubjectofdispute.Atomism1.(philosophy)TheancientGreektheorythatallmatteriscomposedofverysmallindest
3、ructibleandindivisibleparticles.2.(philosophy)Thedoctrinethatsocietyarisesfromindividualsandthatlargerstructuresareunimportant.BuddhismThereligionandphilosophyfoundedbytheNepaleseteacherGautamaBuddha.Communism1TheideologyofpoliticalpartiesthatusethetermCommuni
4、stintheirnames,usuallyMarxistandLeninist.2Thesocio-economicsystembasedonsuchparties'ideologies.3(US,informal)Astateofaffairsperceivedasoppressive,overlyarbitrary,ortotalitarian.CartesianismCartesianismisthenamegiventothephilosophicaldoctrine(orschool)ofRenéDes
5、cartes.Cartesiansviewthemindasbeingwhollyseparatefromthecorporealbody.Ingeneral,Cartesianthoughtdividestheworldintothreeareasofexistence:•thatinhabitedbythephysicalbody(matter),•thatinhabitedbythemind,and•thatinhabitedbyGod.ConservatismConservatismasapolitical
6、andsocialphilosophypromotesretainingtraditionalsocialinstitutionsinthecontextofthecultureandcivilization.Someconservativesseektopreservethingsastheyare,emphasizingstabilityandcontinuity,whileothers,calledreactionaries,opposemodernismandseekareturnto"thewaythin
7、gswere.”CosmopolitanismCosmopolitanismistheideologythatallhumanethnicgroupsbelongtoasinglecommunitybasedonasharedmorality.Apersonwhoadherestotheideaofcosmopolitanisminanyofitsformsiscalledacosmopolitanorcosmopolite.CreationismCreationismisthebeliefthattheUnive
8、rseandLifeoriginate"fromspecificactsofdivinecreation."CatholicismCatholicismisusedasabroadtermfordescribingspecifictraditionsintheChristianchurchesintheology,doctrine,liturgy,ethic