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1、ChapterIITheColonialPeriod:1590---17502.2ThePuritanIdeasandItsLiteraryPresentation清教思想的表述及其文学特征A.Intheearlycolonialperiod,muchoftheliteraturewasproducedbyPuritanandPilgrimwriters.ThestoryofthePuritansbeganinEngland.In1543,undertheruleofKingHenryVIII,theChurchofEnglandwasformed.TheChurchofEnglandwasa
2、ProtestantnationalchurchindependentofthePopeandRomanCatholicism.<(member)ofanyoftheChristianbodiesthatseparatedfromtheChurchofRomeatthetimeoftheReformation(16th.C),ortheirlaterbranches新教).SincetheBritishmonarchthencontrolledthechurch,itscitizenswererequiredtofollowtherulesandpracticesoftheChurch.Tho
3、sewhowerereligiouslynon-conformingtothisestablishedauthoritywerecalled“Puritans”,anamewhichsuggeststheirdeterminationtobuildachurchaspureaspossible,incontrasttothecorruptedChurchofEngland.SotheyweremembersoftheChurchofEnglandwhoatfirstwishedtoreformor“purify”itsdoctrines,however,theirownfirmbeliefan
4、ddisconformitieswiththeChurchfinallyledtotheirwithdrawalfromitandagreatPuritanexodus.BythetimeofKingJames(1566---1625)andCharlesI(1625---1649),AnglicanChurch(memberoftheChurchofEngland英国国教（徒）)officialsandagentsmadelifeverydifficultforthePuritansandotherdissenters.ThePuritansdespairedofsuccessfulreli
5、giousreformsathomeandtookfromtheBible(esp.2Corinthians6:17)whattheythoughtwasadirectionforthem:“Comeoutfromamongthemandbeyeseparate,saiththeLord.”SomanyofthemseparatedfromtheChurchofEnglandaltogetherandcametoAmerica.TheearlysettlersinAmericawereso-calledSeparatistsandPuritans,whomanagedtoescapetothe
6、NewWorldtoavoidthereligiouspersecution.The17thcenturyAmericanPuritansincludedtwoparts.Inthe1600s,theyleftEnglandtoseekGod’swayinthe“desertwilderness”oftheNewWorld.OneofthemostnoticeablegroupswastheBradfordgroupwhomigratedtoPlymouth,Mass.Since1608,theyhadlivedinHolland.Whiletheyhadreligiousfreedomthe
7、re,livingtherealso“Dutchified”theirlifestyle.Forfearthattheiridentitymightbecompromised,theysetsailontheMayfloweronSept.16,1620.Halfofthe149onboarddied.ManyofthePuritanimmigrantskeptrecordsofhowtheyat
