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1、AdvancedEnglish(II)Unit7LibidofortheUglyAboutthisEssayLibidofortheUglyisapieceofsubjective,impressionisticoremotionaldescription,whichconveysthesensation,emotionsandimpressions.Thewriterdescribeswhathesees,hears,smells,feelsortastes,andpaintsaverbalpictureofNewYork.AbouttheAuthor①Theauthorofthisessa
2、yisHenryLouisMencken,whowasthefirstAmericantobewidelyreadasacritic.Heiswell-knownforhisbombasticstyleandacidtongue.Hedoesnotjustsatire,nordoesheonlydisclosetheuglinessofplaceslikeNewYork,healsoattacksthewholeAmericanrace—aracethatlovesuglinessforitsownsake.AbouttheAuthor②AccordingtoH.L.Mencken,theAm
3、ericanracehatesbeautyasithatestruth.Inhisessay,hechoosesthestrongestwordstovirtuallyabusetheAmericanrace.Menckenusesalotofhyperboles(夸张法)toexaggerateandalsomakesabundantuseofsarcasm(讽刺),ridicule(嘲笑)andirony(反话)totaunt(辱骂,嘲弄)andjeer(嘲笑,讥讽).AbouttheAuthor③Menckensdeliberatelyusesthewordlibido,apsychol
4、ogicaltermmeaning“astrongdesirestandingforamomentaryimpulseforsomething,namelyugliness,thepurposeofwhichistocreatetheimpressionthathisdescriptionandanalysiswillhavesomescientificfoundation.TobecontinuedAbouttheAuthor④InMenckens’eyes,theloveofuglinessinAmericaisapathological(病理)problem.Hecomparesothe
5、rtownsandvillagesinAmericaandinEuropewiththeaimtoemphasizetheuglinessofWestmorelandCounty,whichistheugliestplaceonearth,andtheUnitedStatesasawholeisuglierthanEurope.Unit7LibidofortheuglyDetailedexplanationsLibidofortheUglyThestrongurgetolovethingsugly.Libido:aspecialtermusedinpsychoanalysismeaningas
6、trongdesire.【心理】“利比多”(弗洛伊德心理分析学说中的精神动力)Onawinterdaysomeyearsago,comingoutofPittsburghononeoftheexpressesofPennsylvaniaRailroad,IrolledeastwardforanhourthroughthecoalandsteeltownofWestmorelandCounty.Onedayinwinter:Thisphraseisusedwhentheexactdateisforgotten,orwhenthewriterorspeakerdoesnotwishtomentio
7、ntheexactdate.TobecontinuedOnawinterdaysomeyearsago,comingoutofPittsburghononeoftheexpressesofPennsylvaniaRailroad,IrolledeastwardforanhourthroughthecoalandsteeltownofWestmorelandCounty.Pittsburgh:aci
