微机发展简史中英文翻译资料

《微机发展简史中英文翻译资料》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、外文资料原文ProgressinComputersPrestigeLecturedeliveredtoIEE,Cambridge,on5February2004MauriceWilkesComputerLaboratoryUniversityofCambridgeThefirststoredprogramcomputersbegantoworkaround1950.TheonewebuiltinCambridge,theEDSACwasfirstusedinthesummerof1949.Thesee

2、arlyexperimentalcomputerswerebuiltbypeoplelikemyselfwithvaryingbackgrounds.Weallhadextensiveexperienceinelectronicengineeringandwereconfidentthatthatexperiencewouldstandusingoodstead.Thisprovedtrue,althoughwehadsomenewthingstolearn.Themostimportantofthe

3、sewasthattransientsmustbetreatedcorrectly;whatwouldcauseaharmlessflashonthescreenofatelevisionsetcouldleadtoaseriouserrorinacomputer.Asfarascomputingcircuitswereconcerned,wefoundourselveswithanembarassderichess.Forexample,wecouldusevacuumtubediodesforga

4、tesaswedidintheEDSACorpentodeswithcontrolsignalsonbothgrids,asystemwidelyusedelsewhere.Thissortofchoicepersistedandthetermfamiliesoflogiccameintouse.ThosewhohaveworkedinthecomputerfieldwillrememberTTL,ECLandCMOS.Ofthese,CMOShasnowbecomedominant.Inthosee

5、arlyyears,theIEEwasstilldominatedbypowerengineeringandwehadtofightanumberofmajorbattlesinordertogetradioengineeringalongwiththerapidlydevelopingsubjectofelectronics.dubbedintheIEElightcurrentelectricalengineering.properlyrecognisedasanactivityinitsownri

6、ght.Irememberthatwehadsomedifficultyinorganisingaconferencebecausethepowerengineers’waysofdoingthingswerenotourways.AminorsourceofirritationwasthatallIEEpublishedpaperswereexpectedtostartwithalengthystatementofearlierpractice,somethingdifficulttodowhent

7、herewasnoearlierpracticeConsolidationinthe1960sBythelate50sorearly1960s,theheroicpioneeringstagewasoverandthecomputerfieldwasstartingupinrealearnest.Thenumberofcomputersintheworldhadincreasedandtheyweremuchmorereliablethantheveryearlyones.Tothoseyearswe

8、canascribethefirststepsinhighlevellanguagesandthefirstoperatingsystems.Experimentaltime-sharingwasbeginning,andultimatelycomputergraphicswastocomealong.Aboveall,transistorsbegantoreplacevacuumtubes.Thischangepresentedaformidablec