曼昆《经济学原理》（微观）第五版测试题库(20)

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1、Chapter20/IncomeInequalityandPovertyv1405Chapter20IncomeInequalityandPovertyTRUE/FALSE1.Thepovertylineissetbythegovernmentsothat10percentofallfamiliesfallbelowthatlineandaretherebyclassifiedas“poor.”ANS:FDIF:1REF:20-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Thestudyofeconomics,anddefiniti

2、onsofeconomicsTOP:PovertylineMSC:Definitional2.TheUnitedStateshasmoreincomeinequalitythanJapan,Germany,andCanada.ANS:TDIF:1REF:20-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Thestudyofeconomics,anddefinitionsofeconomicsTOP:IncomeinequalityMSC:Definitional3.TheUnitedStateshasmoreincomeinequa

3、litythanBrazilandSouthAfrica.ANS:FDIF:1REF:20-1NAT:AnalyticLOC:Thestudyofeconomics,anddefinitionsofeconomicsTOP:IncomeinequalityMSC:Definitional4.Standardmeasurementsofthedegreeofincomeinequalitytakebothmoneyincomeandin-kindtransfersintoaccount.ANS:FDIF:2REF:20-1N

4、AT:AnalyticLOC:Thestudyofeconomics,anddefinitionsofeconomicsTOP:In-kindtransfers

5、IncomeinequalityMSC:Definitional5.JohnRawls,whodevelopedthewayofthinkingcalledliberalism,arguedthatgovernmentpoliciesshouldbeaimedatmaximizingthesumofutilityofeveryoneinsociety.ANS:FD

6、IF:2REF:20-2NAT:AnalyticLOC:TheroleofgovernmentTOP:UtilityMSC:Interpretive6.OneexistinggovernmentprogramthatworksmuchlikeanegativeincometaxistheEarnedIncomeTaxCredit.ANS:TDIF:2REF:20-3NAT:AnalyticLOC:TheroleofgovernmentTOP:NegativeincometaxMSC:Interpretive7.Oneexi

7、stinggovernmentprogramthatworksmuchlikeanegativeincometaxisMedicaid.ANS:FDIF:2REF:20-3NAT:AnalyticLOC:TheroleofgovernmentTOP:NegativeincometaxMSC:Interpretive8.Theinvisiblehandofthemarketplaceactstoallocateresourcesefficiently,butitdoesnotnecessarilyensurethatreso

8、urcesareallocatedfairly.ANS:TDIF:1REF:20-0NAT:AnalyticLOC:EfficiencyandequityTOP:IncomeinequalityMSC:Applicative9.Whenthegovernmentenactspoliciestomakethedistributionofincomemoreequitable,itdistortsincentives,altersbehavior,andmakestheallocationofresourceslesseffi

9、cient.ANS:TDIF:1REF:20-0NAT:AnalyticLOC:TheroleofgovernmentTOP:IncomeinequalityMSC:Applicative10.IntheUnitedStatesin2005,thebottomfifthoftheincomedistri