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1、第17页AComparativeStudyofBeckySharp,AmeliaandSedleyinVanityFairW.M.Thackerayisarepresentativeofcriticalrealismin19thcenturyinEngland.HismasterpieceVanityFairhasbeenconsideredtobeoneofthegreatcomicnovelsofalltime,andalandmarkinthehistoryofrealisminfiction.VanityF
2、airisametaphorforthehumanconditionandtakesitsnamefromJohnBunyan’sallegory“Pilgrim’sProgress.”Thetitle“VanityFair”showsThackeray’sopinionoftheEnglishbourgeoisandaristocraticsociety:hypocritical,money-worshipping,morallydegraded.Thesub-titleofthenovelis“ANovelwi
3、thoutaHero”.Itwaspublishedin1848.Thestoryisabouttheupperclassofearlynineteenthcentury.ThisnovelofEnglishmannersandhumanfrailtiescentersaroundtwowomen:BeckySharp,anorphanwhoseonlyresourcesarehervastambitions,herwitandherloosemorals.Sheisconsideredtobeoneofthemo
4、stremarkablecreationsinVictorianliterature,whileThackeray’snarratorexposeshersubterfugesandinsinuatessexualimmoralityandevenmurder.ThackerayjuxtaposesBecky’sstorywiththatofAmelia,thenaive,sentimentaldaughterofawealthymerchantwhogoesbankruptpartwaythroughthenov
5、el.Herartlessmodestyanddevotiontoherfirstlove—GeorgeOsborne,contrastsharplywithBecky’samoralmachinationsandsocialclimbing.Nevertheless,sheisnotperfect.Throughthecomparisonbetweenthetwoheroines,andtheanalysisoftheearlynineteenthcentury,theauthorrevealsthepredic
6、amentsofwomenatthattime,andreaderscangetabetterunderstandingofthetwoheroines.I.BackgroundofEarlyNineteenthCenturyTheprecisianmaylimittheVictorianperiodtotheyearsbetween1837and1901,butanewerareallybeginswiththepassageoftheReformBillin1832andclosesattheendoftheB
7、oerWarin1902.DuringthelongreignofQueenVictoria,Englandgrowsfromanagriculturalcountryintoanindustrializedoneandbecomestheworkshopoftheworldaswellasitsfinancialandpoliticalcenter.IntheageofQueenVictoria,novelflourishesandwithitagalaxyofbrilliantnovelistsappearso
8、ntheliteraryscene.TheVictorianAgecanberoughlydividedintothreeperiods:theearlyperiodisfrom1832to1848,itisatimeofsocialunrest;themiddleperiodisfrom1848to1870,itisaperiodofeconomicpro