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1、初中英语语法专题--副词一、副词定义:1.用来说明事情或动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词2.用来说明其它形容词或副词程度的词二、副词的分类副词按词汇意义和句法功能可分为时间副词、地点副词、频度副词、程度副词、方式副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词等。初中主要学习和掌握频度副词、方式副词、时间副词、地点副词即可。J考点一副词的分类与位置1、表频率的副词常见的频率副词有:always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly,seldom.它们一般在
2、行为动词之前,系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,.①Healwaysgoestoschoolonfoot.②ShehasneverbeentoBeijing.③Sheisoftenlateforwork.2、表示方式的副词与方式相关的副词,如safely,quietly,quickly,politelyloudly,luckily,happily,easily,carefully,slowly,suddenly以及fast,late,hard,early等。此类副词位于动词之后,如果是及物动词一般位于
3、宾语之后。①Thechildrenaredancinghappily.②Theyworkhard.③Thestudentsdidtheirhomeworkcarefully.3.程度副词与程度相关的副词有:very,much,only,quite,as,too,too…for,too…todo,well,almost,even,alittle,enough,rather,alot,so,such,badly,nearly,further,really,widely,hardly,abit等。它们一
4、般位于被修饰的词前面,但enough要放在被修饰的词后面。①Icanhardlyknowhername.②Thecakeissodelicious③Hewasbadlyhurt.④Heworkedhardenough.4.表时间、地点、方向的副词(1)与时间相关的副词有:ago,already,before,early,long,late,just,now,once,soon,since,today,tomorrow,tonight,yesterday,yet等。它们通常位于句末,有些也可位于句中
5、如:already等。①They’llcomebacksoon.②Theyhavefinishedtheworkalready.=Theyhavealreadyfinishedthework.(2)与地点、方向相关的副词经常位于动词之后与动词搭配构成短语动词。outside,inside,upstair,here,there,home,near,comeback,turnleft,goout三、副词的考点J考点1、副词的用法和位置1).修饰动词作状语,位于动词后。①Hewalkedquietlyi
6、ntohisbedroom.②Itisraininghard.2).修饰形容词作状语,位于形容词前。①Youhaveaverynicewatch.②Themachineistooheavy.3).修饰另一副词作状语,位于另一副词前。Youwalkedtooslowly,Icouldn’twaitforyou.4)有时候也修饰整个句子Unfortunately,hewasout.J考点2、副词的构成:(1)多数形容词+ly变成副词.大多数副词以ly结尾recent----recently sad—s
7、adlyslow---slowlyclear—clearlyfinal—finallyreal—reallykind--kindly,careful---carefully,Silent----silentlypeaceful---peacefullySafe---safely(2)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词需改y为i加ly变成副词happy--happily,heavy--heavily,easy--easily,lucky---luckily,angry---angrily,(3)形容词不去e
8、加ly变来的副词polite--politely,wide--widely,Safe--safely,extreme--extremely(4)形容词需去e加ly变来的副词True-Truly,gentle---gently,comfortable--comfortablypossible---possiblysimple--simplyterrible---terribly特殊:good(形容词)—well(副词)好地(welladj身体健康的)J考点3、副词的比较等级副词的比较