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ID:236241
大小:55.40 KB
页数:18页
时间:2017-07-11
《基本加工工序和切削技术-机械外文翻译》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、附录附录1英文原文BasicMachiningOperationsandCuttingTechnologyBasicMachiningOperationsMachinetoolshaveevolvedfromtheearlyfoot-poweredlathesoftheEgyptiansandJohnWilkinson'sboringmill.Theyaredesignedtoproviderigidsupportforboththeworkpieceandthecuttingtoolandcanpreciselycontroltheirrelati
2、vepositionsandthevelocityofthetoolwithrespecttotheworkpiece.Basically,inmetalcutting,asharpenedwedge-shapedtoolremovesarathernarrowstripofmetalfromthesurfaceofaductileworkpieceintheformofaseverelydeformedchip.Thechipisawasteproductthatisconsiderablyshorterthantheworkpiecefromwh
3、ichitcamebutwithacorrespondingincreaseinthicknessoftheuncutchip.Thegeometricalshapeofworkpiecedependsontheshapeofthetoolanditspathduringthemachiningoperation.Mostmachiningoperationsproducepartsofdifferinggeometry.Ifaroughcylindricalworkpiecerevolvesaboutacentralaxisandthetoolpe
4、netratesbeneathitssurfaceandtravelsparalleltothecenterofrotation,asurfaceofrevolutionisproduced,andtheoperationiscalledturning.Ifahollowtubeismachinedontheinsideinasimilarmanner,theoperationiscalledboring.Producinganexternalconicalsurfaceuniformlyvaryingdiameteriscalledtapertur
5、ning,ifthetoolpointtravelsinapathofvaryingradius,acontouredsurfacelikethatofabowlingpincanbeproduced;or,ifthepieceisshortenoughandthesupportissufficientlyrigid,acontouredsurfacecouldbeproducedbyfeedingashapedtoolnormaltotheaxisofrotation.Shorttaperedorcylindricalsurfacescouldal
6、sobecontourformed.Flatorplanesurfacesarefrequentlyrequired.Theycanbegeneratedbyradialturningorfacing,inwhichthetoolpointmovesnormaltotheaxisofrotation.Inothercases,itismoreconvenienttoholdtheworkpiecesteadyandreciprocatethetoolacrossitinaseriesofstraight-linecutswithacrosswisef
7、eedincrementbeforeeachcuttingstroke.Thisoperationiscalledplanningandiscarriedoutonashaper.Forlargerpiecesitiseasiertokeepthetoolstationaryanddrawtheworkpieceunderitasinplanning.Thetoolisfedateachreciprocation.Contouredsurfacescanbeproducedbyusingshapedtools.Multiple-edgedtoolsc
8、analsobeused.Drillingusesatwin-edgedflutedtoolforholes
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