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1、状语从句一、概述状语从句(adverbialclause)在句中作状语,可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时,从句后面常用逗号;放在句末时,从句前面往往不用逗号。Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.当飞机抵达时,一部分侦探等在主楼里面,而另一部分则等在停机坪上。WhenIcamehome,mywifew
2、ascookingdinner.我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。Thoughhewaspoor,hewashappy.虽然他很穷却很快乐。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你向他请求,他会帮助你。Sinceyouask,Iwilltellyou.你既然问,我就告诉你。Ican'ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。Hestoppedtrying,whenhemighthavesucceedednexttime.他不再试了,其实他可能下一次就成功。二、引导状语从句的连词分类状语从
3、句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件、比较等九种。状语从句连词时间when,whenever,as,since,till,until,before,after,assoonas,once,themoment,immediately,theday,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when,theminute,thesecond,every(each)time地点Where,wherever,everywhere条件if,unless,providing/providedthat,
4、as(so)longas,onconditionthat,suppose/supposingthat,incase,onlyif,ifonly原因because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat,inviewofthefactthat(鉴于)让步though,although,evenif(though),as,while,whatever,wherever,whoever,however,nomatter+wh词,forallthat,granting/granted
5、,whether…or,inspiteofthefactthat,despitethefactthat比较as…as,notthesameas,notso…as,than方式as,asif(though)theway目的that,sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest结果sothat,so…that,such…that,butthat三、时间状语从句1、 引导时间状语从句从属常用连词例析常用来引导时间状语从句的从属连词有:when(当……的时候),whenever(每当),after(在…
6、…之后),before(在……之前),as(当……;一边……一边),assoonas/hardly…when/nosooner…than(一……就……),while(在……期间),till/until(直到),since(自从),once(一旦……就……)。如果主句是一般将来时,在时间状语从句中用一般现在时。since所引导的从句一般要用非延续性动词,主句用完成时态。Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpwhenitisneeded.如果你需要时别不敢求援。 MotherwasworriedbecauselittleA
7、licewasill,especiallyasFatherwasawayinFrance.妈妈很担心,因为小爱丽丝病了,尤其是在爸爸远在法国的这个时候。 WhathaveyoubeendoingsinceIlastsawyou?自我上次和你见面以后,你在做什么? -Whatwasthepartylike?晚会怎么样? -Wonderful.It'syearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.好极了。多年了我从未如此高兴。Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersr
8、ealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.直到河里的鱼都死了村民们才意识到污染的严重性。-I'mgoingtothepostoffice.我要到邮局去。-Whileyouarether