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1、Angerisanegativeemotion.But,likebeinghappyorexcited,feelingangrymakespeoplewanttoseekrewards,accordingtoanewstudyofemotionandvisualattention.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoareangrypaymoreattentiontorewardsthantothreats—theoppositeofpeoplefeelingothernegativeemotionslikefear.Pre
2、viousresearchhasshownthatemotionaffectswhatsomeonepaysattentionto.Ifafearfuloranxiouspersonisgivenachoiceofarewardingpicture,likeasexycouple,andathreateningpicture,likeapersonwavingaknifethreateningly,theywillspendmoretimelookingatthethreatthanattherewardingpicture.Peoplefeeling
3、excited,however,aretheotherway—theywillgoforthereward.Butnobodyknowswhetherthosereactionsoccurbecausetheemotionsarepositiveornegative,orbecauseofsomethingelse,saysBrettFordofBostonCollege,whowrotethestudywithMayaTamir,alsoofBostonCollege,andfourotherauthors."Forexample,"shesays,
4、"emotionscanvaryinwhattheymakeyouwanttodo.Fearisassociatedwithamotivationtoavoid,whereasexcitementisassociatedwithamotivationtoapproach.Itcanmakeyouwanttoseekoutcertainthings,likerewards."TheresearchispublishedinPsychologicalScience,ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScienc
5、e.Forherstudy,Fordfocusedonanger.Likefear,angerisanegativeemotion.But,likeexcitement,angermotivatessomeonetogooutandgetrewards.First,participantsinthestudywereassignedtowritefor15minutesaboutoneoffourmemoriesintheirpast:atimewhentheywereangry,afraid,excitedandhappy,orfeltlittleo
6、rnoemotion.Afive-minutepieceofmusicreinforcedwhicheveremotiontheparticipanthadbeenassigned.Thentheycompletedataskinwhichtheyhadtoexaminetwoside-by-sidepictures.Aneye-trackingdevicemonitoredhowmuchtimetheyspentlookingateachpicture.Angrypeoplespentmoretimelookingattherewardingpict
7、ures."Lookingatsomethingisthefirststepbeforethethoughtsandactionsthatfollow,"saysFord."Attentionkicksoffanentirestringofeventsthatcanendupinfluencingbehavior."Thepeoplewhofelthappyandexcitedalsolookedmoreattherewardingphotos,butthetwogroupsmightactdifferently—anangrypersonmightb
8、emotivatedtoapproachsomethinginaconfrontational