资源描述：
《新标准大学英语综合教程第二单元reading practise》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Angerisanegativeemotion.But,likebeinghappyorexcited,feelingangrymakespeoplewanttoseekrewards,accordingtoanewstudyofemotionandvisualattention.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoareangrypaymoreattentiontorewardsthantothreats—theoppositeofpeoplefeelingothernegativeemotionslikefear.Pre
2、viousresearchhasshownthatemotionaffectswhatsomeonepaysattentionto.Ifafearfuloranxiouspersonisgivenachoiceofarewardingpicture,likeasexycouple,andathreateningpicture,likeapersonwavingaknifethreateningly,theywillspendmoretimelookingatthethreatthanattherewardingpicture.Peoplefeeling
3、excited,however,aretheotherway—theywillgoforthereward.Butnobodyknowswhetherthosereactionsoccurbecausetheemotionsarepositiveornegative,orbecauseofsomethingelse,saysBrettFordofBostonCollege,whowrotethestudywithMayaTamir,alsoofBostonCollege,andfourotherauthors."Forexample,"shesays,
4、"emotionscanvaryinwhattheymakeyouwanttodo.Fearisassociatedwithamotivationtoavoid,whereasexcitementisassociatedwithamotivationtoapproach.Itcanmakeyouwanttoseekoutcertainthings,likerewards."TheresearchispublishedinPsychologicalScience,ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScienc
5、e.Forherstudy,Fordfocusedonanger.Likefear,angerisanegativeemotion.But,likeexcitement,angermotivatessomeonetogooutandgetrewards.First,participantsinthestudywereassignedtowritefor15minutesaboutoneoffourmemoriesintheirpast:atimewhentheywereangry,afraid,excitedandhappy,orfeltlittleo
6、rnoemotion.Afive-minutepieceofmusicreinforcedwhicheveremotiontheparticipanthadbeenassigned.Thentheycompletedataskinwhichtheyhadtoexaminetwoside-by-sidepictures.Aneye-trackingdevicemonitoredhowmuchtimetheyspentlookingateachpicture.Angrypeoplespentmoretimelookingattherewardingpict
7、ures."Lookingatsomethingisthefirststepbeforethethoughtsandactionsthatfollow,"saysFord."Attentionkicksoffanentirestringofeventsthatcanendupinfluencingbehavior."Thepeoplewhofelthappyandexcitedalsolookedmoreattherewardingphotos,butthetwogroupsmightactdifferently—anangrypersonmightb
8、emotivatedtoapproachsomethinginaconfrontational
