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1、33虚拟仪器设计-数据采集系统摘要虚拟仪器由通用仪器硬件平台(简称硬件平台)和应用软件两大部分构成。硬件平台主要完成对被测信号的进行调理和采集。仪器硬件可以是插入式数据采集卡及必要的外围电路(含信号调理电路、A/D转换器、数字I/O、定时器、D/A转换器等),或者是带标准总线接口的仪器,如GPIB、VXI、PXI、STD、PCI总线仪器和网络化仪器等。目前市场上的A/D采集卡和数据采集卡以及带标准总线接口的仪器等,其价格均不菲,以毕业设计的目的来说,性价比以及实用程度显的不高。进而考虑到计算机中的声卡本身就是一个A/
2、D,D/A的转化装置,具有16位的量化精度、数据采集频率是44.1kHz,完成可以满足特定应用范围内数据采集的需要,个别性能指标还优于商用数据采集卡,而价格却为商用数据采集卡的十分之一或者几十分之一,在设计实验中完全可以满足要求。因此在本设计中,数据采集装置主要基于声卡和labview模拟数据采集。利用声卡实现对数据的采集,制作成一个简易的数据采集系统,能够实现数据采集、模拟采集数据、波形显示、进行低频滤波四大功能。关键词:虚拟仪器;数据采集;声卡33VirtualInstrumentDesign-DataAcqui
3、sitionSystemAbstractVirtualInstrumentbytheGeneralInstrumenthardwareplatform(thehardwareplatform)andconsistedoftwomajorapplications.Themainhardwareplatformtocompletetheconductofthemeasuredsignalconditioningandacquisition.Hardwareequipmentcanbeaplug-indataacquisi
4、tioncardandthenecessaryperipheralcircuits(includingthesignalconditioningcircuits,A/Dconverter,digitalI/O,timer,D/Aconverters,etc.),orwiththestandardbusinterfaceequipment,suchasGPIB,VXI,PXI,STD,PCIbusdevicesandnetworkequipmentandsoon.CurrentlyonthemarketA/Dacqui
5、sitioncardanddataacquisitioncards,aswellasthestandardbusinterfacewiththeequipment,theirpricesareexpensivetodesignforthepurposesofgraduation,aswellastheusefulnessofthesignificantcostofnotveryhigh.Totakeintoaccountthecomputer'ssoundcarditselfisanA/D,D/Aconversion
6、devices,with16-bitquantizationprecision,dataacquisitionfrequencyis44.1kHz,completedwithinthescopeofapplicationtomeetthespecificneedsofdatacollection,individualalsobetterthanthecommercialperformancedataacquisitioncard,andthepriceofcommercialdataacquisitioncardfo
7、rone-tenthorafewone-tenthoftheexperimentinthedesigntomeettherequirementscompletely.Therefore,inthisdesign,dataacquisitiondeviceismainlybasedonthesoundcardandanalogdataacquisitionlabview.Theuseofsoundtoachievethedatacollection,tocreateasimpledataacquisitionsyste
8、m,toachievedataacquisition,analogdataacquisition,waveformdisplay,thefourmajorfunctionsforlow-frequencyfilter.Keywords:virtualinstrument;dataacquisition;soundcard33目录1绪论11.1虚