英语专业八级 语言学 总结

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1、英语专业八级语言学总结浜轰汉缃?鏍″唴-娴忚鏃ュ織-鑻辫涓撲笟鍏骇璇█瀛?鎬荤粨鏈€杩戜娇鐢?鏃ュ織鐩稿唽鍒嗕韩鍏叡涓婚〉杩炴帴缃戠珯鐣欒█绀肩墿鍟嗗煄鐘舵€?VIP浼氬憳璞嗕竵鏂囨。鐢熸椿姹?浜轰汉娲诲姩鎷涜仒鎴戠埍鏍¤姳鐚墤鐩橀緳绁炲璁?璁哄潧鎶曠エ璺宠殼甯傚満娴嬭瘯娲诲姩鐝骇璇剧▼鐢靛奖鍏ㄩ儴搴旂敤禄绠＄悊鎴戠殑搴旂敤娴忚鏇村搴旂敤璧勬枡缂栬緫闅愮璁剧疆搴旂敤璁剧疆甯愭埛璁剧疆閭欢璁㈤槄榛樿琛ㄦ儏闃跨嫺鍥у洤鐔?瓒呯骇琛ㄦ儏瀵逛笉璧凤紝璇ュ姛鑳介渶瑕佺瓑绾?绾т互涓婃垨鑰呭紑閫歏IP鎵嶅

2、彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄣ€?鎴?棣栭〉涓汉涓婚〉瑁呮壆濂藉弸搴旂敤娓告垙绔欏唴淇?鍗囩骇VIP鍏呭€奸個璇疯缃悳绱?鎼滅储閫€鍑?鏃ュ織鍚撮洩鑺?鍚撮洩鑺圭殑鏃ュ織褰撳墠鏃ュ織杩斿洖鏃ュ織棣栭〉禄杈冩柊涓€绡?/杈冩棫涓€绡?鍒嗕韩璇█瀛︽€荤粨涓€銆佽瑷€鍜岃瑷€瀛?1銆佽瑷€鐨勫尯鍒€х壒寰侊細Designoffeaturesoflanguage浠绘剰鎬?arbitrariness鎸囪瑷€绗﹀彿鍜屽畠浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰涔夋病鏈夊ぉ鐒剁殑鑱旂郴浜岄噸鎬?duality鎸囪瑷€鐢变袱灞傜粨鏋勭粍鎴?...鑻辫涓撲笟

3、鍏骇璇█瀛?鎬荤粨2010-03-0317:24

4、(鍒嗙被:榛樿鍒嗙被)璇█瀛︽€荤粨涓€銆佽瑷€鍜岃瑷€瀛?1銆佽瑷€鐨勫尯鍒€х壒寰侊細Designoffeaturesoflanguage浠绘剰鎬?arbitrariness鎸囪瑷€绗﹀彿鍜屽畠浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰涔夋病鏈夊ぉ鐒剁殑鑱旂郴浜岄噸鎬?duality鎸囪瑷€鐢变袱灞傜粨鏋勭粍鎴?鍒涢€犳€?creativity鎸囪瑷€鍙互琚垱閫?绉讳綅鎬?displacement鎸囪瑷€鍙互浠ｈ〃鏃堕棿鍜岀┖闂翠笂涓嶅彲鍙婄殑鐗╀綋銆佹椂闂淬€佽

5、鐐?2銆佽瑷€鐨勫姛鑳斤紙涓嶆槸寰堥噸瑕侊級淇℃伅鍔熻兘informative浜洪檯鍔熻兘interpersonal鏂戒负鍔熻兘performative鎰熸儏鍔熻兘emotivefunction瀵掓殑鍔熻兘phaticcommunication濞变箰鍔熻兘recreationalfunction鍏冭瑷€鍔熻兘metalingualfunction3銆佽瑷€瀛︿富瑕佸垎鏀?璇煶瀛?phonetics鐮旂┒璇煶鐨勪骇鐢熴€佷紶鎾€佹帴鍙楄繃绋嬶紝鑰冩煡浜虹被璇█涓殑澹伴煶闊充綅瀛?phonology鐮旂┒璇

6、煶鍜岄煶鑺傜粨鏋勩€佸垎甯冨拰搴忓垪褰㈡€佸morphology鐮旂┒璇嶇殑鍐呴儴缁撴瀯鍜屾瀯璇嶈鍒?鍙ユ硶瀛?syntax鐮旂┒鍙ュ瓙缁撴瀯锛岃瘝銆佺煭璇粍鍚堢殑瑙勫垯璇箟瀛?semantics涓嶄粎鍏冲績瀛楄瘝浣滀负璇嶆眹鐨勬剰涔夛紝杩樻湁璇█涓瘝涔嬩笂鍜屼箣涓嬬殑鎰忎箟銆傚璇礌鍜屽彞瀛愮殑鎰忎箟璇敤瀛?pragmatics鍦ㄨ澧冧腑鐮旂┒鎰忎箟4銆佸畯瑙傝瑷€瀛?macrolingustics蹇冪悊璇█瀛?psycholinguistics绀句細璇█瀛?sociolinguistics

7、浜虹被璇█瀛?anthropologicallinguistics璁＄畻鏈鸿瑷€瀛?computationallinguistics5璇█瀛︿腑鐨勯噸瑕佸尯鍒?瑙勫畾寮忓拰鎻忓啓寮忥細瑙勫畾寮忥細prescriptive璇存槑浜嬫儏搴旇鏄€庝箞鏍风殑鎻忓啓寮忥細descriptive璇存槑浜嬫儏鏈潵鏄€庝箞鏍风殑鍏辨椂鐮旂┒鍜屽巻鏃剁爺绌讹細鍏辨椂锛歴ynchronic鐮旂┒鏌愪釜鐗瑰畾鏃舵湡璇█鍘嗘椂锛歞iachronic鐮旂┒璇█鍙戝睍瑙勫緥璇█鍜岃█璇細璇█锛歭angue鎸囪瑷€绯荤粺鐨

8、勬暣浣?瑷€璇細parole鎸囧叿浣撳疄闄呰繍鐢ㄧ殑璇█璇█鑳藉姏鍜岃瑷€杩愮敤锛氫箶濮嗘柉鍩?chomsky鎻愬嚭)鑳藉姏锛歝ompetence鐢ㄨ瑷€鐨勪汉鐨勮瑷€鐭ヨ瘑鍌ㄥ杩愮敤锛歱erformance鐪熷疄鐨勮瑷€浣跨敤鑰呭湪瀹為檯涓殑璇█浣跨敤浜屻€佽闊冲1銆佽闊冲鍒嗘敮鍙戦煶璇煶瀛rticulatoryphonetics鐮旂┒璇█鐨勪骇鐢?澹板璇█瀛cousticphonetics鐮旂┒璇煶鐨勭墿鐞嗗睘鎬?鍚璇煶瀛?auditoryphonetics鐮旂┒璇

9、█鎬庢牱琚劅鐭?2IPA锛堝浗闄呴煶鏍囷級鏄敱danielJones鐞兼柉鎻愬嚭鐨?涓夈€侀煶浣嶅1銆佹渶灏忓绔嬩綋minimalpairs2銆侀煶浣?phoneme3闊充綅鍙樹綋allophones4浜掕ˉ鍒嗗竷complementarydistribution5鑷敱鍙樹綋freevariation6鍖哄埆鐗瑰緛dis