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ID:15776085
大小:63.50 KB
页数:15页
时间:2018-08-05
《单片机控制系统中英文对照外文文献翻译》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、单片机控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献(含:英文原文及中文译文)英文原文MicrocomputerSystemsElectronicsystemsareusedforhandinginformationinthemostgeneralsense;thisinformationmaybetelephoneconversation,instrumentreadoracompany’saccounts,butineachcasethesamemaintypeofoperationareinvolved:theprocessing,storagea
2、ndtransmissionofinformation.inconventionalelectronicdesigntheseoperationsarecombinedatthefunctionlevel;forexampleacounter,whetherelectronicormechanical,storesthecurrentandincrementsitbyoneasrequired.Asystemsuchasanelectronicclockwhichemployscountershasitsstorageandprocess
3、ingcapabilitiesspreadthroughoutthesystembecauseeachcounterisabletostoreandprocessnumbers.Presentdaymicroprocessorbasedsystemsdepartfromthisconventionalapproachbyseparatingthethreefunctionsofprocessing,storage,andtransmissionintodifferentsectionofthesystem.Thispartitioning
4、intothreemainfunctionswasdevisedbyVonNeumannduringthe1940s,andwasnotconceivedespeciallyformicrocomputers.Almosteverycomputerevermadehasbeendesignedwiththisstructure,anddespitetheenormousrangeintheirphysicalforms,theyhaveallbeenofessentiallythesamebasicdesign.Inamicroproce
5、ssorbasedsystemtheprocessingwillbeperformedinthemicroprocessoritself.Thestoragewillbebymeansofmemorycircuitsandthecommunicationofinformationintoandoutofthesystemwillbebymeansofspecialinput/output(I/O)circuits.Itwouldbeimpossibletoidentifyaparticularpieceofhardwarewhichper
6、formedthecountinginamicroprocessorbasedclockbecausethetimewouldbestoredinthememoryandincrementedatregularintervalsbutthemicroprocessor.However,thesoftwarewhichdefinedthesystem’sbehaviorwouldcontainsectionsthatperformedascounters.Theapparentlyratherabstractapproachtothearc
7、hitectureofthemicroprocessoranditsassociatedcircuitsallowsittobeveryflexibleinuse,sincethesystemisdefinedalmostentirelysoftware.Thedesignprocessislargelyoneofsoftwareengineering,andthesimilarproblemsofconstructionandmaintenancewhichoccurinconventionalengineeringareencount
8、eredwhenproducingsoftware.Thefigure1.1illustrateshowthesethreesectionswithinamicrocomputerarecon
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