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时间:2018-08-03
《介词加关系代词引导的定语从句(1)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型,介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,把介词置于关系代词前,即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如:Themanwho/whom/thatyouspoketoisateacher.=Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人),即:介词+which/whom。(1)Themantowhomyouspokeis
2、ateacher.(2)Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.(3)Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,inwhichtherearemanycartoons.注意:当介词放在关系代词的前面时,用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。2.在限制性定语从句中,当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时,可用that/which(指物);that/who/whom(指人)作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略,特别是在口语中。如:(1)Theman(who/whom/that)youspoketoisateacher.(2)Thecity(which/t
3、hat)shelivesinisfaraway.注:通常介词放在定语从句中动词后,也可以放在关系代词前面,但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分,介词只能放在动词后,如:lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto,listento等。Thisisthepenthat/whichyouarelookingfor.Thepatientwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.Thewordsthat/whichweshouldpayattentiontoarewrittenontheblack
4、board.Therearefiftypatientswho/whom/thatwemusttakegoodcareof.练习:Arethesesentencesright?(1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(2)Theman(who/that)youtalkedwithismyfriend.(3)Themanwithwho/thatyoutalkedismyfriend.(4)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(5)TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadais
5、verycomfortable.二、关系副词when,where,why可用“介词+which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词+先行词。其中when=表时间的介词(如:in,at,during等)+which;Where=表地点的介词(如:in,at,on,under等)+which;Why=表原因的介词(如:for)+which(1)当先行词表示时间,定语从句中缺少时间状语时,通常用关系副词when引导,此时也可选用表示时间的介词+which来代替关系副词when。IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.(ontheday=when)(2)当先行词
6、表示地点,定语从句中缺少地点状语时,通常用关系副词where引导,此时也可选用表示地点的介词+which来代替关系副词where。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.(inthehouse=where)(3)当先行词为reason,定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时,通常用关系副词why引导,此时也可以用forwhich来代替关系副词why。Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.(forthereasons=why)二、关系代词前介词选择三原则:一先,二动,三意义(重中之重)1.一先,即根据定语从句中介词
7、与先行词的搭配关系选择。IneverforgetthedayonwhichIcametothisschool.(ontheday)2.二动,即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。ThisistheiPadonwhichIspent3000yuan.(spendmoneyonsth.)3.三意义,即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Thisismypairofglasses,__withoutwhich__Icannotseeclearly.例题:用“介词+关系代词”的形式表示一.填空。1.Thisi
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