汽车常见故障论文

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1、2013届专科毕业设计（论文）题目：发动机基本常见故障诊断与排除班级：　2011级学号：2011DBH04061　姓名：　谭宇飞指导教师：罗东雨2013年3月发动机基本常见故障诊断与排除学生姓名：彭德飞学号：2011DBH04061所在函授站：长沙理工大学柳州函授站班级：2011级指导教师：何允萍完成日期：2013年3月目录1发动机的总体构造和作用······················11.1发动机组成·····················································11.1.1发动机的作用··················

2、·······························12曲柄连杆机构的常见故障诊断与排除························22.1曲轴主轴承响····················································22.2连杆轴承响······················································23配气机构的检查与调整····································33.1配气相位检查·································

3、···················33.2气门脚响························································33.3气门漏气························································34燃料供给系常见故障与排除································44.1不来油或来油不畅················································44.2加速不良····························

4、····························45润滑系常见故障··········································55.1润滑系常见故障与排除············································55.2机油消耗过多····················································56冷却系的常见故障与排除··································66.1冷却液充足但发动机过热····························

5、············66.2冷却系不足引起发动机过热········································6参考文献··················································7致谢······················································8发动机基本常见故障诊断与排除摘要本文简述了汽油发动机的常见故障与排除方法，如曲柄连杆机构、配气机构、燃料供给系、润滑系、冷却系的故障诊断与排除。主要对润滑系作了详细的讲解。关键词：配气机构、点火系、润滑系1发动机的总

6、体构造和作用1.1发动机组成现代汽车发动机是一部由许多机构和系统组成的复杂机器，其结构形式多种多样。例如，现在最广泛使用的采用汽油和柴油作为燃料的往复活塞式发动机，其具体构造也千差万别，但由于基本工作原理相同，所以其基本结构也就大同小异。汽油机通常由曲柄连杆、配气两大机构和燃料供给、润滑、冷却、点火、起动五大系统组成。1.1.1发动机的作用发动机的作用是使供入其中的燃料燃烧而发出动力。大多数汽车都采用往复活塞式内燃机（由于现代科技的高速发展，汽车发动机除了有内燃机外，还有了燃料电池式发动机，蓄电池式电动机等，我们将在以后的新技术里面介绍），它一般是由机体、曲柄连杆机构、配

7、气机构、供给系、冷却系、润滑系、点火系（汽油发动机采用）、起动系等部分组成。如图-1。图-1发动机的总体构造2曲柄连杆机构的常见故障诊断与排除曲柄连杆机构的故障属于机械类故障，此类故障大多数是以异响出现的，异响是由于曲柄连杆机构运动机件的自然磨损和老化，使零件相互配合间隙增大和磨损，在运动中由于振动和相互撞击而发生的金属碰击声。所以，曲柄连杆机构的异响，往往反应着不同性质和不同程度的故障。2.1曲轴主轴承响主轴承盖的固定螺钉松动，主轴承与主轴颈磨损过甚,轴向止推装置磨损过甚,造成径向与轴向间隙太大，主轴承减磨合金烧毁或脱落，曲