西方经济学 高鸿业主编 第章 课后习题答案

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1、西方经济学高鸿业主编第13章课后习题答案Inthetwosectorsoftheeconomy,equilibriumoccursin(C).A.actualsavingsequalactualinvestment;B.Realconsumptionplusrealinvestmentequalsoutput.C.plannedsavings=plannedinvestment;Totalinvestmentisequaltotheincomeoftheenterprise.Whentheconsumptionfunctionisc=a+by(a>,0,0,0

2、testheaveragepropensitytoconsume(a).A.greaterthanmarginalpropensitytoconsume;B.Thatisequaltothemarginalpropensitytoconsume;D.Allthreepossibilitiesarepossible.Ifthemarginalpropensitytosaveis0.3,investmentspendingincreasesby6billionyuan,whichwillleadtoanincreaseinequilibriumincome(D).A.2billionyuan;B

3、.6billionyuan;C.18billionyuan;D.20billionyuan.Attheequilibriumlevelofoutput,isitnecessarytoplaninventoryinvestmentandnon-plannedinventoryinvestmenttobezero?Solution:whenitisatequilibriumlevelofoutput,itisusuallynotzerotoplaninventoryinvestment,nottoplantoinvestininventory.Thisisbecausetheplanispart

4、oftheprojectinvestment,inventoryinvestmentandoutputequilibriumoutputisequaltotheconsumerplanstoinvest,sotheplanisnotnecessarilyzeroinventory.Whentheplannedinventoryincreases,theinventoryinvestmentisgreaterthanzero;Inventoryinvestmentislessthanzerowhentheplannedinventoryisreduced.Itshouldbenotedthat

5、inventoryisstock,inventoryinvestmentisflow,inventoryinvestmentisthechangeofinventory.Ontheequilibriumlevelofoutput,inventoryinvestmentispartoftheprojectinvestmentplan,itisnotzero,buttheprogrammusthavezeroinventoryinvestment,ifnotplaninventoryinvestmentisnotzero,thatisnottheequilibriumoutput.Forexam

6、ple,companiesmiscalculatedthesituation,producingmorethanthemarketneeded,creatinganon-plannedinventoryinvestment.Canyousaythatthemarginalpropensitytoconsumeandtheaveragepropensitytoconsumearealwaysgreaterthanzeroandlessthanone?Answer:theconsumptiontendencyistherelationbetweenconsumerexpenditureandin

7、come,alsocalledconsumptionfunction.Consumerspendingandincomerelationscanberesearchedfromtwoaspects,oneisexaminechangesinconsumerspendingaswellasthechangesinincome,thisisthemarginalpropensitytoconsume(MPCcan