自然环境类阅读文章的答题技巧点拨

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1、自然环境类阅读文章的答题技巧点拨华中农业大学外国语胡素芬自然环境是我们人类赖以生存的空间。人类从对自然的恐惧，到改造自然，到现在保护自然环境的过程，实际上是人类文明进步和发展的过程。环境是人们永远关注的话题。一般从如下几个方面进行阐述：（1）人类生存的环境中出现的问题；（2）解决这个问题的过程；（3）结果如何；（4）意义。在四级考试中，自然环境问题一个重要的内容，其行文和试题有鲜明的特点。环境问题的高频词汇为environment，pollution，emission，contaminate等。四级考试中关于环境的文章较多。由于篇幅所限，本文选取其中最有代

2、表意义的2005年1月和6月两篇文章进行分析。首先请看2005年1月四级阅读第一篇文章。Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960'sand70's,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemissionsoriginatingintheUnitedStates.InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunlead

3、edgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland.Thenewstudyisaresultoftheconti

4、nuedresearchledbyDr.CharlesBurton,anexpertontheimpactofheavymetalsontheenvironmentattheNationalCenterforScientificResearchinFrance.AstudybyDr.Burtonpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarctic(北极的)snowweredeclining.Inhisnewstudy,Dr.Burtonfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadinthe

5、leadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolineandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiate(区分)theleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.InastudypublishedinthejournalAmbio,scient

6、istsfoundthatleadlevelsinsoilintheNorth-easternUnitedStateshaddecreasedmarkedlysincetheintroductionofunleadedgasoline.Manyscientistshadbelievedthattheleadwouldstayinsoilandsnowforalongerperiod.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyexaminedsamplesoftheupperlayersofsoiltakenfromthesamesitesof30f

7、orestfloorsinNewEngland,NewYorkandPennsylvaniain1980andin1990.Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystem(生态系统)respondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthese

8、findingsshouldnotbeusedasalicense