高等土力学考试题复习思考题与参考答案汇总

《高等土力学考试题复习思考题与参考答案汇总》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、硕士研究生《高等土力学》复习思考题一(a)、将下面描述“土力学和岩土工程”的英文译成中文SoilMechanicsThisclasspresentstheapplicationofprinciplesofsoilmechanics.Itconsidersthefollowingtopics:theoriginandnatureofsoils;soilclassification;theeffectivestressprinciple;hydraulicconductivityandseepage;stress-strain-strength

2、behaviorofcohesionlessandcohesivesoilsandapplicationtolateralearthstresses;bearingcapacityandslopestability;consolidationtheoryandsettlementanalyses;andlaboratoryandfieldmethodsforevaluationofsoilpropertiesindesignpractice.Soilamongstmostvariable anddifficultofallmaterials

3、tounderstand andmodel1.Complexstress-strain(non-linear,irreversible不可逆的)2.Propertieshighlyvariablefunctionofsoiltypes andstresshistory3.Propertieschangewithtime,stress,environment,…4.Everysitehasdifferentsoilconditions-newchallenge5.Soil"hidden"underground anddataonsmallfr

4、actionofdepositGeotechnicalEngineeringThiscoursedescribestheapplicationofsoilmechanicsintheanalysisanddesignoffoundations(shallowanddeep)andearthretainingstructures.Thelecturesincludeanoverviewofgeotechnicalsiteinvestigationmethodsandinsitutestsusedtoestimateengineeringpar

5、ameters.Thecourseemphasizestheimportanceofparameterselectionincalculationsofultimateandserviceabilitylimitstatecalculationsforbothshallowanddeepfoundations,anddiscussesmethodsofsoilimprovement.Thesectiononearthretainingstructuresconsiderssystemsrangingfromgravitywallstocom

6、positeconstruction(reinforcedearth),fromstructuralsupporttofieldmonitoringofexcavations(bracing,tiebackanchorsetc.).(1)Whatisconsolidation?Consolidationisatime-related(时间性)processofincreasingthedensity(增加密度)ofasaturatedsoilbydrainingsomeofthewateroutofthevoids.(2)Theshears

7、trengthofasoil[土的抗剪强度](tf)atapointonaparticularplanewasoriginallyexpressedbyCoulombasalinearfunctionofthenormalstress(s’f)ontheplaneatthesamepointbywherec’iscohesion[粘聚力]andf’isinternalangleoffriction[内摩擦角].(3)Ultimatebearingcapacity(qu)isdefinedasthepressurewhichwouldcaus

8、eshearfailureofthesupportingsoilimmediatelybelowandadjacenttoafoundation.(当基底压力增大到极限承载力时,