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时间:2017-11-09
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1、上海海事大学信息工程学院Unit3CircuitAnalysisUsingtheIdealOperationalAmplifierBackgroundWordsandexpressionsTextandnotesGrammarExercisesReadingmaterial上海海事大学信息工程学院BackgroundAnamplifier,electronicamplifieror(informally)ampisanelectronicdevicethatincreasesthepowerofasignal.Itdoesthisbytakingenergyfromapowersupplyan
2、dcontrollingtheoutputtomatchtheinputsignalshapebutwithalargeramplitude.Inthissense,anamplifiermodulatestheoutputofthepowersupplytomaketheoutputsignalstrongerthantheinputsignal.Anamplifieriseffectivelytheoppositeofanattenuator:whileanamplifierprovidesgain,anattenuatorprovidesloss.上海海事大学信息工程学院Backgrou
3、ndThetypesofamplifierscanbecategorizedindifferentways.Oneisbythefrequencyoftheelectronicsignalbeingamplified;audioamplifiersamplifysignalsintheaudio(sound)rangeoflessthan20 kHz,RFamplifiersamplifyfrequenciesintheradiofrequencyrangebetween20 kHzand300 GHz.Anotheriswhichquantity,voltageorcurrentisbein
4、gamplified;amplifierscanbedividedintovoltageamplifiers,currentamplifiers,transconductance(跨导)amplifiers,andtransresistanceamplifiers.Afurtherdistinctioniswhethertheoutputisalinearornonlinearrepresentationoftheinput.Amplifierscanalsobecategorizedbytheirphysicalplacementinthesignalchain(信号通路,信号链).Thef
5、irstpracticalelectronicdevicewhichcouldamplifywastheAudion(triode,三极管)vacuumtube,inventedin1906byLeeDeForest,whichledtothefirstamplifiers.Theterms"amplifier"and"amplification"(fromtheLatinamplificare,'toenlargeorexpand')werefirstusedforthisnewcapabilityaround1915whentriodesbecamewidespread.[2]Forthe
6、next50yearsvacuumtubesweretheonlydeviceswhichcouldamplify,andwereusedinallamplifiersuntilthe1960s,whentransistorsbegantobeused.Mostamplifierstodayusetransistors,althoughtubesarestillused.上海海事大学信息工程学院上海海事大学信息工程学院WordsandexpressionsBuffern.缓冲器By-productn.副产品,出乎意料的结果Circuitryn.电路,线路Formulan.公式,规则Fulcru
7、mn.杠杆的支点Groundv.使接地;n.接地,地线Impedancen.阻抗Infinitesimaladv.无穷小,极小,无限小Inherentadj.固有的,内在的,与生俱来的Intuitiveadj.直觉的Investigatev.调查,研究Latchv.闭锁(n.锁存器)Levern.杆,杠杆Mythicaladj.神话的,虚构的Offsetn.偏移量,抵消上海海事大学信息工程学院Wo
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