实验 激光椭圆偏振仪的应用——光偏振现象的观察与分析

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1、实验18激光椭圆偏振仪的应用——光偏振现象的观察与分析CollectedbyoneselfMistakesareunavoidableForreferenceonlyIncaseoferrorPleasecorrectme!ThankyouPendulumexperiment[purposeoftheexperiment]1.useasimplependulumtomeasurethelocalaccelerationofgravity2.studytheperiodofsimplependulumvibration

2、[apparatus]PendulumMeterStopwatch(ordigitalmillisecondmeterPhotoelectricgate)Verniercaliper[principlesofexperiment]LiftasmallweightofweightwithathinwireofnegligibleweightSwayittotheleftandrightWhenthependulumangleistoolongThemagnitudeoftheresultantforceofthehea

3、vyhammerisequaltothat(Fig.1)WhichisthelocalaccelerationofgravityThelinearaccelerationofthehammerSetasimplependulumaslongTheangularaccelerationofapendulumisequaltoThatis(1)Whenthependulumangleisverysmall(usually5degrees)MayconsiderAtthistime(2)Thatis,theangulara

4、ccelerationofthevibrationisproportionaltotheangulardisplacementInasignofangularaccelerationandangulardisplacementdirectionisalwaysoppositeAtthispointthesimplependulumvibrationissimpleharmonicvibrationFromthetheoreticalanalysisthatTherelationbetweenthevibrationp

5、eriodandtheabovescalecoefficientsistherefore(3)Thependulumisthependulumlength,whichisthedistancefromthependulumtothehangingpoint,whichistheaccelerationofthelocalgravityTransform(3)available(4)Bymeasuringthependulumlength,thecorrespondingperiodandthecycle,theloc

6、algravityaccelerationcanbeobtainedItcanberewrittenas...(5)ThisrepresentsandbetweenHavelinearrelationshipSlopeforAsforvariouspendulumlengths,thecorrespondingcyclesaremeasuredYoucanfindthevaluefromtheslopeofthegraphlineTherelationbetweenpendulumperiodandpenduluma

7、ngleThetheoreticaldeductioncanbeused.Whichistheperiodof0degreesIfomittedandallsubsequentitemsbe(6)Iftheperiodofdifferentpendulumanglesismeasured,thedrawinglinecantesttheformula[instrument]1.stopwatch(stopwatch)ThisisacommoninstrumentformeasuringtimeintervalsThe

8、dialisalongandashortminutesecondThesecondrevolutionOneminute.TheminimumvalueofseveralindexingstopwatchTherearetwocommonlyused0.2Sand0.1sTheupperendofthestopwatchbuttonisused