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1、毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献文献翻译原文MarketingtheoryMcCarthy(E.J.Mccarthy),in1960,alsounderthemicro-marketingdefinition:Marketingistheresponsibilityofbusinessactivities,productsandserviceswillbedirectlyfromtheproducertowardstheconsumeroruserinordertomeetcustomerneedsandtheachievementofthecompany
2、profits,butalsoaprocessofsocio-economicactivitieswiththeaimtomeetthesocialorhumanneeds,toachievesocialgoals.thisdefinitionthanintheUnitedStates,althoughthedefinitionofmarketingassociationastepforwardthatmeetcustomerneedsandrealizethecompany'soperatingprofitasagoal,buttwodefinitio
3、nsthatmarketingactivitiesareproductionactivitiesinthebeginningoftheendofthemiddleafteraseriesofbusinesssalesactivities,whenthecommoditytotheuserthehandsoftheend,theenterprisemarketingactivitiesandthereforeislimitedtothenarrowscopeofcirculation,ratherthanoperatingasabusinessforsal
4、ethroughouttheentireprocess,includingmarketingresearch,productdevelopment,pricing,distribution,advertising,publicityreports,salespromotion,marketingstaff,after-salesserviceandsoon.ChristianGrnroostothedefinitionandemphasizedthepurposeofmarketing:Marketingisintheinterestsofawhole,
5、throughmutualexchangeandcommitmenttoestablish,maintain,consolidateandconsumersandotherparticipantsintherelationshipbetweenthepartiestoachievethepurpose.Thisdefinitionhasbeeninuseeversince,untilthesummerof2004wasrevised.Thenewdefinitionisnearly20yearsonthemarketingofthefirstamendm
6、enttothedefinition,nowonderthemajorityofmarketersattracteduniversalattention.Thedevelopmentofmarketingtheoryhasthefollowingfourstages:Thefirststage:start-upphase.Marketinginthelate19thcenturyto20intheUnitedStatestheworld'screationof20,duetoindustrialdevelopmentandmarketingatthist
7、imebyaverynarrowscopeofthestudy,butresearchandcommercialadvertisingnetworksettings.IslandinIllinoisandotherrelatedcoursesattheuniversities.Bythe"AssociationofAmericanAdvertising"to"NationalAdvertisingandMarketingAssociationofScienceTeachers",tomarketingresearchtoensuretheorganiza
8、tion.Atthistimeofmarketingresearchischar
