重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三下学期高考适应性月考卷（五）英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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第八中学2024届高考适应性月考卷(五)英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandowiththeman’sphone?A.Repairit.B.Upgradeit.C.Replaceit.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ipickedupacellphonehereafewdaysago,butitseemstobeoutoforder.W:Terriblysorryaboutthat.Letmesee.Oh,yes,I’llcontactthemanufacturerrightawayandhaveabrand-newoneofthesamemodelhereatthestoreassoonaspossible.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesJohnwantAmytodo?A.Takethepotoff.B.Switchtolowheat.C.Putthesoupintobowls.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:John,thepotisboiling!Whatdoyouwantmetodo?ShouldItakeitofftheheatandputthesoupintobowls?M:No,Amy.Justturndowntheheatandcoverforanother10minutes.Andthenyoucanturnofftheheat. 3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Britain.B.Peru.C.Mexico.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HaveyounoticedthatpeoplehereinMexicostandveryclosetogether?M:Yes.It’sthesameinPerutoo.W:It’stheoppositeinBritain.Iwasalittleuncomfortablehereatfirst.Butafterafewdays,I’mgettingusedtoit.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howhighdotheceilingstodayusuallymeasure?A.2.3meters.B.2.7meters.C.3.0meters.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyouremembertheceilingsintheoldflats?W:Sure.Theywereveryhighandgavethefeelingofalotofspace.Iwonderwhattheheightwasfortheoldceilings.M:Atleast3meters.Buttodaytheflats’ceilingsareusually90%ofthat,andsomeevenlower.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onafarm.B.Athome.C.Inasupermarket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Lookhownicethesetomatoesare.Shouldwepicksomeout?M:Sure.Let’smakeasouptonightfordinner.W:Perfect.Thenwe’llalsoneedsomegarlictoo.Andfreshbread.Let’sseeifwecanfindaFrenchstick.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout? A.Anexhibition.B.Aglassbox.C.Avase.7.Howdoesthemanfindthewoman?A.Knowledgeable.B.Considerate.C.Patient.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Mary,isthistheHallofAncientChina?W:Yes.Lookatthehistoricvaseexhibitedhere.It’samazing!M:Whyisitintheglassbox?W:Forprotection.Itwillprobablybedamagedifexposedtoairdirectly.M:Sodelicateitis.Iwonderhowoldthevaseis.Thousandsofyears?W:Yeah.Itwasmade5,000yearsagoanditwasmadeofakindofgold.Itispriceless.M:Wow,thanksforyourexplanation.Youaretrulyawalkingdictionary.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofself-helpbooks?A.They’reunappealing.B.They’repractical.C.They’reridiculous.9.Whatisthebookabout?A.Lifeinthecountry.B.Personalexperience.C.Anaturaldisaster.10.What’stherelationshipofthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Opponents.【答案】8.A9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:ThislatestbookbyLouiseRobertsisamazing!It’sfullofexcitementanddramabutit’sactuallyaself-helpbook!M:Thatsoundsabitstrange.Normallythey’requiteboring,technicalandover-explaineverything.W:YeahIcan’tagreemore.Iusuallyendupskippingthroughthemlookingforpracticaltips.Like,whatcanIactuallyemployintomylife?M:Exactly!Howdoesshegetawaywithit?W:Well,it’sherownstorywithreal-lifeevents,howshelearnttocopewithwhathappenedandhowshewoulddothingsdifferently.Itdoesn’tgiveyoudirectanswers,butremindsyoutobemindfulindifficultsituations.M:Hmm...Itsoundsinterestingbutitisnotreallymycupoftea. W:I’mafraidithastobe.HaveyouforgottentheassignmentMr.Browngaveus?M:OK.I’llreadit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatisthechangeofthecat?A.Shebecomesinactive.B.Sheeatsmore.C.Shesleepsbadly.12.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Observingthecat’sbelly.B.Givingthecatsomemedicine.C.Stoppingfeedingthecattemporarily.13.Wheremightthemangofirst?A.Ahospital.B.Astore.C.Hishome.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,whatcanIdoforyou?M:Goodmorning,mycatisnotfeelingwell.Aftersheateyesterday,thefoodallcamebackoutofhermouth.W:Soshethrewupyesterday.Anythingelse?M:Yes.Herbellybecomesverybig.W:Isee.Letmehavealook.Issheasactiveasbeforethesedays?M:No.Sheusedtobeveryplayfulandcuriousabouteverything,butnowsheissleepingalmostthewholeday.W:Whatdoyoufeedher?M:Imainlygivehercatfoodseveraltimesaday,somedryfishandsomefreshmeat.W:Yougivehertoomuch.Toomuchfoodcausedherastomachdisorder.M:Ohmy.WhatshouldIdo?W:Don’tprovideyourcatwithfoodforaday.Fromtomorrowon,reducetheamountoffoodandincreasetheamountofactivity.Takeadvantageofthetoyssheloves,andencouragehertomove.M:Okay.Herfavoriteballislost.I’llgotobuyheranewoneonthewayhome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14.Whatistheman’sopiniononthecitylife?A.It’sconvenient.B.It’sboring.C.It’smessy.15.Whatwouldthewomanprefertodo?A.Chaseagoat.B.Seeaparkshow.C.Haveatruckride.16.Whatisthewildestthingonthesubwayforthewoman?A.Safebelts.B.Occasionalanimals.C.Irregularperformances.17.Whatwillthespeakersdoafterlunch?A.Paintafence.B.Ridethesubway.C.Singcountrymusic.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,thatwasatonofeggs!Yourchickensaremachines!M:Haha,yeah,welcometothecountryside!There’scertainlynomessofyourcitylifeortheboredomofthosesuburbs!W:It’swild!Inthecity,wejustgotothecornerstoreforeggs.Youdon’tneedtodigthemoutfromunderachicken’ser…bottom.M:Andyoumissoutonthefun!W:Hah!You’vegotastrangedefinitionof“fun”.Watchingaplayinthepark,that’sfun!M:We’vebothgotourownbenefits.Didyouenjoythefarmtruckridethough?W:Itwasokaybutsobouncy.Myorgansfeelrearranged.Andthosethingsdon’tcomewithseatbelts!M:You’retellingme!Trychasingagoatthat’sgotthetasteoffreedom.W:Haha!I’llsticktomysubways.Thankyouverymuch.Thewildestthingthereistheoccasionalstreetperformer.M:Well,nowthatyou’vesurvivedtheeggcollectionandtruckride,we’vegotfencepaintingafterlunch.W:Wow.Farm-stylefunneverends,huh?Can’twait...M:It’snoplayinthepark,buthey,wecanlistentosomegoodcountrymusic.W:SupposeI’llhavetotrademysubwaynoiseforsomecountryaccentthen.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whocantakethelessons?A.A3-year-oldswimlover. B.A9-year-olddisabledpupil.C.An18-year-oldswimmer.19.WhatistaughtintheFoundationlessons?A.Skillsatwaterrescue.B.Knowledgeofwatersafety.C.Basicsofswimmingmovements.20.Whatistheprizeforthoserecommendingfriends?A.Reductioninprice.B.Extralessons.C.Freeswimwear.【答案】18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Swimmingisgreatexerciseaswellasavitalskill.That’swhyweofferswimminglessonstochildrenagedbetween4and16ataffordableprices.Notallchildrenwillbeatthesamelevel,sowehaveclassesfordifferentabilitylevelsandages.Thelevelsareasfollows:Pre-school,FoundationandDevelopment.TheFoundationswimminglessonsaredesignedforkidswhoareaged4andover.Bytheendofthiscourse,theywillbeabletoswim10metersunaidedandknowthebasicsofswimmingmovements.TheDevelopmentclassesarepreparedforchildrenaged5to16.Theselessonswillcovermoreswimmingessentialsincludingdevelopingtechniquesandbasicsurvivalandrescueskillsinthewater.Tomakeswimmingaccessibletothewholecommunity,weaimtoinvolvechildrenwithdisabilitiesinourexistinglessons.Also,treatyourfriendsto£15offacoursewhenyourecommendthem.Iftheyjoin,you’llgainatwo-weekcourseofyourchoice.Soifyou’reinterested,prepareyourswimwearandcome.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADAYTRIPITINERARY(行程)Afterawarmreceptionfromyourtourmanageratyourdedicatedpick-uppointinLondon,settleinyourcomfortablecoachaswesetoffonourjourneytowardsStonehenge.Theworld’smostfamousprehistoricmonumenthasinspiredpeopletostudyandinterpretitforcenturies,yetmanyquestionsremaintobeanswered—aboutwhobuiltit,when,andwhy.AftervisitingStonehenge,wedrivetoWindsorCastle,whichishometoroyaltyand1,000yearsofroyalhistory.Thestunning13-acresiteisthelargestandoldestoccupied,workingcastleintheworld.Therearemanyfamous,must-seemomentswithinthesespectacularroomsinthecastle,likethegrandWaterlooChamberandthe magnificentCrimsonDrawingRoom.Intheearlyevening,wemakeourwaytowardsLondonandproceedtowardsyourrespectivedropoffpointsandbidfarewelltoallfriendsyouhavemadeonthetour.ESSENTIALSTOCARRYWITHYOUWerecommendyouwearcomfortableclothingandcarryessentialssuchasajacketorjumper,drysnacks,water,tissues,chargers,powerbank,etc.,inyourhandbagasaccesstotheluggageholdisonlypossibleuntilacomfortstoporarrivalatyourdestination.Hotfoodsarenotallowedtobecarriedorconsumedinsidethecoach.PICK-UPPOINTSNameAddressTimesHarrowOutsideMcDonalds,363StationRoad,Harrow,LondonHA12AW07:15HounslowOutsideHounslowWestStation,BathRoad,LondonTW33DH08:00KentonMANTRAHOLIDAYS,296KentonRoad,Harrow,LondonHA38DD07:00ClickheretogothroughthegeneralinformationandTerms&Conditionsbeforebookingandtravelling.21.Howmanytouristspotswilltheparticipantsvisit?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.22.Itisadvisedtoputyouressentialsinthehandbagbecause________.A.theluggageholdisinaccessiblewhenthebusisinmotionB.theyarenotallowedtobecarriedinsidethecoachC.it’sconvenientforyoutoenjoyhotfoodsD.driversarelikelytoaccessthem23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Ajournal.B.Awebpage.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Amagazine.【答案】21.A22.A23.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。详细地介绍了从伦敦出发前往斯通亨奇巨石阵和温莎城堡的一日游行程，包括景点的介绍、参观顺序、以及游客需要携带的物品等。【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Afterawarmreceptionfromyourtourmanageratyourdedicatedpick-uppointinLondon,settleinyourcomfortablecoachaswesetoffonourjourneytowardsStonehenge.(在伦敦的专门接机点，您的旅游经理热情接待您后，我们将在舒适的大巴上安顿下来，开始前往巨石阵的旅程)”以及第二段“AftervisitingStonehenge,wedrivetoWindsorCastle,whichishometoroyaltyand1,000yearsofroyalhistory.(参观完巨石阵后，我们开车前往温莎城堡，这里是皇室的家，有着1000年的皇家历史)”可知，参加者将参观两个旅游景点。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ESSENTIALSTOCARRYWITHYOU下的“Werecommendyouwearcomfortableclothingandcarryessentialssuchasajacketorjumper,drysnacks,water,tissues,chargers,powerbank,etc.,inyourhandbagasaccesstotheluggageholdisonlypossibleuntilacomfortstoporarrivalatyourdestination.(我们建议您穿舒适的衣服，并在您的手提包中携带必需品，如夹克或套头衫，干零食，水，纸巾，充电器，充电宝等，因为只有在舒适的中途停留或到达目的地时才能使用行李舱)”可知，建议把你的必需品放在手提包里，因为公共汽车行驶时，行李舱是无法接近的。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ClickheretogothroughthegeneralinformationandTerms&Conditionsbeforebookingandtravelling.(在预订及旅行前，请按此浏览一般资料及条款及条件)”可知，Clickhere只会出现在网页当中，所以推知本文来自一个网页。故选B项。BItallstartedwithasimplequestion:“CanIpaintyourportrait?”Onedayinthesummerof2015,Petersonwasrelaxinginhislivingroom,readingthebookLoveDoes,aboutthepowerofloveinaction,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbyahomelessmanoutsidehisapartment.Inspiredbythebook’scompassionatemessage,Petersonmadeadecision;Hewasgoingtogooutsideandintroducehimself.Inthatfirstconversation,Petersonlearnedthattheman’snamewasMattFaris.He’dmovedtoSouthernCaliforniafromKentuckytopursueacareerinmusic,buthesoonfellonhardtimesandendeduplivingonthestreetformorethanadecade.“Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn’tshavedinprobablyayear,becausehisstory,thelifeinsideofhim,inspiredme,”Petersonrecalled.Therefore,PetersonaskedifhecouldpaintFaris’sportrait.Farisagreed.Peterson’sconnectionwithFarisledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoareunhoused.Petersonsellsthepaintingsformoney,splittingtheproceedsandputtinghalfintoa“loveaccount”forhismodel.Hethenhelpspeopleusethemoneytogetbackontheirfeet. ManyofPeterson’snewfriendsusethedonationstosecureimmediatenecessities—medicalcare,hotelrooms,food.Farisusedthefundsfromhisportraittorecordanalbum,fulfillinghismusicaldreams.Anothersubject,KimberlySondoval,hadneverbeenabletofinanciallysupportherdaughter.Sheasked,“CanIusethemoneytopaymydaughter’srent?”Whenthecheckwasdelivered,“Theybothweptinmyarms,”Petersonrecalls.Petersonhaspainted41oftheseportraitshimself.Butthere’smoretothefinishedproductsthanthemoneytheybringtosomeonewho’sdownandout.He’sdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlookedorstereotyped.“Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet,butIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow,’”Petersonsays.“Ididn’tknowthatwouldhappen.”24.WhatmadePetersonstartaconversation?A.Thecuriosityaboutstrangers.B.ThetouchingstoryofMattFaris.C.Thedisturbancebyahomelessman.D.ThesympatheticmessageinLoveDoes.25.WhatdoweknowaboutFacesofSantaAna?A.Itpaysthehomelesssalaries.B.Itisanofficialnonprofitorganization.C.IttriestorestorethelivesofPeterson’smodels.D.Itspendsallthemoneyonhelpingtheunhoused.26.Afterbuyingaportrait,abuyermightviewthehomelessas________.A.lazyandpoorB.oddbutinspiringC.disturbinganduntidyD.pitifulbutrespectable27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthistext?A.ArtwithPurpose:LoveAccountMattersB.HopeinPaintings:HelpKnowsNoRaceC.FacesofCompassion:PaintingaNewPerspectiveD.EncounterwithStrangers:EmbracingNewFriends【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Peterson与无家可归者MattFaris的相遇以及后续创立FacesofSantaAna组织的故事，展示了Peterson如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度。 【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onedayinthesummerof2015,Petersonwasrelaxinginhislivingroom,readingthebookLoveDoes,aboutthepowerofloveinaction,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbyahomelessmanoutsidehisapartment.Inspiredbythebook’scompassionatemessage,Petersonmadeadecision;Hewasgoingtogooutsideandintroducehimself.(2015年夏天的一天，彼得森正在客厅里放松，读着《爱的力量》(LoveDoes)这本书，这本书讲述了爱在行动中的力量，这时他的安静被公寓外的一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中富有同情心的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个决定；他要到外面去做自我介绍)”可知，LoveDoes中的同情信息让彼得森开始谈话。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Peterson’sconnectionwithFarisledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoareunhoused.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了FacesofSantaAna，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像)”可知，FacesofSantaAna是一个非营利组织。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Petersonhaspainted41oftheseportraitshimself.Butthere’smoretothefinishedproductsthanthemoneytheybringtosomeonewho’sdownandout.He’sdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlookedorstereotyped.(彼得森自己画了41幅这样的肖像。但成品带给落魄之人的不仅仅是金钱。他发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能被忽视或刻板印象的人建立友谊)”可知。在买了一幅肖像后，买家之前是忽视无家可归的人，现在会和他们建立友谊，所以会把无家可归者视为可怜但可敬的人。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Peterson’sconnectionwithFarisledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoareunhoused.Petersonsellsthepaintingsformoney,splittingtheproceedsandputtinghalfintoa“loveaccount”forhismodel.Hethenhelpspeopleusethemoneytogetbackontheirfeet.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了FacesofSantaAna，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。彼得森把这些画卖掉赚钱，分成一半存入模特的“爱情账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱重新站起来)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了Peterson如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度，所以C项“FacesofCompassion:PaintingaNewPerspective(同情的面孔：画一个新的视角)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。 CFilmPutsJustifiableDefenseinSpotlightThefilm,Article20,directedbyZhangYimou,drawsitsnamefromArticle20oftheCriminalLaw,whichfocusesonthesometimescontroversiallegalconceptofjustifiabledefense.Drawinginspirationfromreal-lifecasesofjustifiabledefense,thefilmgainedwidespreadattentionandstruckachordwiththepublicduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Themoviecallsforadetailedinterpretationoflegaltermsandurgesagainstcompromisingonunlawfulconduct.AccordingtotheCriminalLaw,whenaperson,facedwithanunlawfulattack,takesactiontoprotecthisorherownrightsorinterestsorthoseofothers,andtheattackeristherebyharmed,thedefenderwillbeconsideredtohaveactedinjustifiabledefenseandwillnotbearcriminalresponsibility.Forsometime,justifiabledefensehasbeenregardedasa“dormantclause”(沉寂条款),duetotheinfluenceofmisconceptions,suchas“whoeverisinjuredorkilledisright”.Butthetruemeaningofthelawshouldbetoincreasetheresponsibilityforwrongdoers,ratherthanburdeninggoodpeople.Recentcaseshaveshownthat,forordinarycitizens,justifiabledefenseisnolongerapipedream.Ahigh-profilecaseinKunshan,Jiangsuprovince,in2018servedasawake-upcallandcaughttheattentionofauthoritiesregardingsuchcases.Inthatcase,atrafficargumentledtoamotoristwhotookaknifewithhimconfrontinganotherman.Themotoristwaskilled,andpoliceandjudgesdeterminedthatthedefender’sactionsconstitutedjustifiabledefense.Sincethen,thejustifiabledefenseclausehasbeenappliedinseveralplacesacrossthenation.Theconcernoverjustifiabledefensereflectsthepublic’sdemandforfairness,justice,securityandruleoflaw.LuoXiang,arenownedprofessorofcriminallawatChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw,saidinarecentcommentaboutthefilmArticle20thatthepublicandjudgesshouldavoidtakinga“godlike”perspective.Instead,theyshouldconsiderthesituationinwhichthedefenderwasinvolved,empathizewiththedefender’sposition,andstopthemselvesfrommakingexcessivedemandsonthedefender,Luosaid.28.WhydidthefilmArticle20attracttheaudience’sattention?A.ItwasreleasedduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.B.ItisnamedafteronearticleintheCriminalLaw.C.Itexploresreal-lifecasesofjustifiabledefense.D.ItwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.29.AccordingtotheCriminalLaw,thevictimwillbefreefromcriminalresponsibilitywhen________.A.thevictimgaveuphislegalrights B.therobberkeptsilentabouttherobberyC.therobberwashurtworsethanthevictimD.thevictimknifedthearmedrobbertostoptheongoingcrime30.WhatisthefunctionofthecaseinKunshaninParagraph3?A.Makingcomparisons.B.Listingreasons.C.Explainingmisconceptions.D.Providingevidence.31.WhatdoesLuoXiangsuggestjudgesdo?A.Takea“godlike”viewpointwiththepublic.B.Putoneselfinthedefender’sshoes.C.Demandmorefromthedefender.D.Sidewiththeattacker.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述电影《第二十条》让正当防卫成为焦点。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Drawinginspirationfromreal-lifecasesofjustifiabledefense,thefilmgainedwidespreadattentionandstruckachordwiththepublicduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.(这部电影的灵感来自真实的正当防卫案件，在春节假期期间引起了公众的广泛关注和共鸣)”可知，电影《第二十条》引起公众的关注是因为它探讨了现实生活中的正当防卫案例，故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AccordingtotheCriminalLaw,whenaperson,facedwithanunlawfulattack,takesactiontoprotecthisorherownrightsorinterestsorthoseofothers,andtheattackeristherebyharmed,thedefenderwillbeconsideredtohaveactedinjustifiabledefenseandwillnotbearcriminalresponsibility.(《刑法》规定，受到非法攻击时，为保护自己或者他人的权益而采取行动，致使攻击人受到损害的，视为正当防卫，不承担刑事责任)”可知，根据《刑法》规定，受害人为制止正在进行的犯罪行为而用刀刺伤持械抢劫犯的，不承担刑事责任，故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。第三段中“Recentcaseshaveshownthat,forordinarycitizens,justifiabledefenseisnolongerapipedream.(最近的案例表明，对普通公民来说，正当防卫不再是白日梦)”提到，对普通公民来说，正当防卫不再是白日梦，接着下文“Ahigh-profilecaseinKunshan,Jiangsuprovince,in2018servedasawake-upcallandcaughttheattentionofauthoritiesregardingsuchcases.Inthatcase,atrafficargumentledtoamotorist whotookaknifewithhimconfrontinganotherman.Themotoristwaskilled,andpoliceandjudgesdeterminedthatthedefender’sactionsconstitutedjustifiabledefense.(2018年发生在江苏昆山的一起备受关注的案件敲响了警钟，引起了有关部门对此类案件的关注。在那起案件中，一场交通纠纷导致一名司机带着刀与另一名男子对峙。驾车者被杀，警察和法官判定辩护人的行为构成正当防卫)”提到，昆山反杀案中杀害驾车者的人被判定是正当防卫，以此来支持上文观点，故本段提到昆山反杀案是为了提供证据，故选D。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Instead,theyshouldconsiderthesituationinwhichthedefenderwasinvolved,empathizewiththedefender’sposition,andstopthemselvesfrommakingexcessivedemandsonthedefender,Luosaid.(相反，他们应该考虑防卫者所处的情境，同情防卫者的处境，并阻止自己对防卫者提出过高的要求，罗说)”可知，罗翔建议法官带入防卫者的角度，设身处地为他们着想。故选B。DResearchershavediscoveredtheoldestblackholeeverobserveddatingfromthedawnoftheuniverse,andfoundthatitis“eating”itshostgalaxytodeath.Theinternationalteam,ledbytheUniversityofCambridge,usedtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)todetecttheblackhole,whichdatesfrom400millionyearsafterthebigbang.Theresults,whichleadauthorProfessorRobertoMaiolinosaysare“agiantleapforward”,arereportedinthejournalNature.Thissurprisinglymassiveblackholeevenexistssoearlyintheuniversechallengesourassumptionsabouthowblackholesformandgrow.Thesizeofthisnewly-discoveredblackholesuggeststhattheymightforminotherways:theymightbe‘bornbig’ortheycaneatmatterataratethat’sfivetimeshigherthanhadbeenthoughtpossible.Likeallblackholes,thisyoungblackholedevoursmaterialfromitshostgalaxytofuelitsgrowth.Accordingtostandardmodels,supermassiveblackholesformfromtheremainsofdeadstars,whichcollapseandmayformablackholeaboutahundredtimesthemassoftheSun.Ifitgrewinanexpectedway,thisnewly-detectedblackholewouldtakeaboutabillionyearstogrowtoitsobservedsize.However,theuniversewasnotyetabillionyearsoldwhenthisblackholewasdetected.Theyounghostgalaxy,calledGN-z11,isacompactgalaxy,aboutonehundredtimessmallerthantheMilkyWay,buttheblackholeislikelyharmingitsdevelopment.Whenblackholesconsumetoomuchgas,itpushesthegasawaylikeanultra-fastwind.This“wind”couldstoptheprocessofstarformation,slowlykillingthegalaxy,butitwillalsokilltheblackholeitself,asitwouldcutofftheblackhole’ssourceof“food”.MaiolinosaysthatthegiganticleapforwardprovidedbyJWSTmakesthisthemostexcitingtimeinhiscareer.“It’sanewera:thegiantleapislikeupgradingfromGalileo’stelescopetoamoderntelescopeovernight,”hesaid.“Theuniversehasbeenquitegenerousinwhatit’sshowingus,andthisisjustthebeginning.” 32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devours”meaninParagraph3?A.Changes.B.Swallows.C.Observes.D.Forms.33.AccordingtoParagraph5,whyisGN-z11likelytobeharmed?A.Becausethehostgalaxyistoosmall.B.Becausetheblackholeiskillingitself.C.Becausethe“wind”ceasesstarformation.D.Becauseblackholesproducetoomuchgas.34.WhatisMaiolino’sattitudetothenewdiscoveryabouttheblackhole?A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Ambiguous.35.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theblackholetookabillionyearstoachieveitssize.B.Supermassiveblackholesareassumedtoformovernight.C.Thenewdiscoveryofthehostgalaxyisagiantleapforward.D.Thehostgalaxyandtheblackholecanbedestroyedbythe“wind”.【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述研究人员发现了迄今为止观测到的最古老的黑洞，可以追溯到宇宙诞生之初，并发现它正在“吞噬”它的宿主星系至死。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“andfoundthatitis‘eating’itshostgalaxytodeath(并发现它正在‘吞噬’它的宿主星系至死)”以及划线词前“Likeallblackholes(像所有的黑洞一样)”可知，最古老的黑洞正在吞噬它的宿主星系至死，由此可知，划线词所在句意为“像所有的黑洞一样，这个年轻的黑洞正在吞噬来自宿主星系的物质来促进它的成长”，devours与上文的“eating”同义，意为“吞噬”，故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Whenblackholesconsumetoomuchgas,itpushesthegasawaylikeanultra-fastwind.This‘wind’couldstoptheprocessofstarformation,slowlykillingthegalaxy(当黑洞消耗太多气体时，它会像超高速风一样将气体推开。这种‘风’可以阻止恒星形成的过程，慢慢地杀死星系)”可知，黑洞会损害GN-z11星系，是因为“风”会阻止恒星的形成，慢慢地杀死星系，故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“MaiolinosaysthatthegiganticleapforwardprovidedbyJWSTmakesthisthemostexcitingtimeinhiscareer.‘It’sanewera:thegiantleapislikeupgradingfromGalileo’stelescopetoa moderntelescopeovernight,’hesaid.(Maiolino说，JWST提供的巨大飞跃使这成为他职业生涯中最激动人心的时刻。‘这是一个新时代：这次的巨大飞跃就像一夜之间从伽利略的望远镜升级到现代望远镜，’他说。)”可知，Maiolino对有关黑洞的新发现持支持态度，故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This‘wind’couldstoptheprocessofstarformation,slowlykillingthegalaxy,butitwillalsokilltheblackholeitself,asitwouldcutofftheblackhole’ssourceof‘food’.(这种‘风’可以阻止恒星形成的过程，慢慢地杀死星系，但它也会杀死黑洞本身，因为它也会切断黑洞的‘食物’来源。)”可知，宿主星系和黑洞可以被“风”摧毁。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheFailedNewYear’sResolution:ThreeTipstoGetonTrackJanuaryisofficiallyover,andmanypeoplearetakingstockoftheirprogresstowardsNewYear’sresolutions.Thefactisthatyouprobablyhaven’tkeptupwiththemasmuchasyouhoped.Butthat’snotyourfault.____36____.Ifyoufeellikeyouhavealreadyfailed,herearethreetipsbeforeyouletgo.Practiceself-compassionManypeopletalktothemselvesinharshwayswhenstrugglingwithnewhabits,believingself-criticismwillhelpthemreachtheirgoals.Researchshows,however,thattheoppositeistrue.Self-compassionismoreeffectiveforpersonalimprovement,especiallywhenfacingfailure.____37____,trytobekindandgentlewithyourself,justasyouwouldwithalovedone._____38_____Resolutionsareoftenphrasedasdefinitivegoals.Iwillexercisedaily.Iwillkickdesserts.____39____.Butsettingall-or-nothinggoalscanleadtoall-or-nothingdecisionsthatonegivesupwhenfacedwithchallenges.Incontrast,intentionsfocusmoreonyourvaluesthanspecificactions.Forexample,theresolution“Iwillexercisedaily”maybecomeanintentionof“Iwanttomovemybodybecauseitfeelsgood.”Thisapproachallowsformoreflexibilitywhenunexpectedstressarises.SolveproblemsbyovercomingbarriersIfyouarestrugglingtomaintainyourdesiredhabits,thereareevidence-basedtechniquesavailabletohelpyou.____40____.Thisinvolvesidentifyingthespecificbarriersthatleadtoyourquittingsomethingthatyouwanttodo.Perhapsyoukeepforgettingthenewhabit,orperhapsyoudon’tunderstandhowtodoit.Whateveritis,identifythebarrierandcopewithitspecifically.A.Setall-or-nothinggoals B.ChangeyourresolutionsintointentionsC.OnesuchskilliscalledmissinglinksanalysisD.SettingspecificbehavioralgoalscanbeeffectiveE.Ifyou’repersuadedtogiveuponyourresolutionsF.Oldhabitstendtodiehard,andnewhabitstendtodieeasyG.Whenyouareupsetaboutyourselffornotkeepingresolutions【答案】36.F37.G38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要围绕“新年决心失败”的主题，提出了三个建议来帮助人们重新走上正轨。【36题详解】根据前文“Januaryisofficiallyover,andmanypeoplearetakingstockoftheirprogresstowardsNewYear’sresolutions.Thefactisthatyouprobablyhaven’tkeptupwiththemasmuchasyouhoped.Butthat’snotyourfault.(一月正式结束了，许多人都在盘点自己的新年决心。事实上，你可能没有像你希望的那样实现决心。但那不是你的错)”可知，F项“Oldhabitstendtodiehard,andnewhabitstendtodieeasy(旧习惯难改，新习惯易改)”是对前句说的不是你的错的进一步解释。故选F项。【37题详解】根据前文“Manypeopletalktothemselvesinharshwayswhenstrugglingwithnewhabits,believingself-criticismwillhelpthemreachtheirgoals.Researchshows,however,thattheoppositeistrue.Self-compassionismoreeffectiveforpersonalimprovement,especiallywhenfacingfailure.(很多人在努力养成新习惯的时候会严厉地对自己说，相信自我批评会帮助他们实现目标。然而，研究表明，事实恰恰相反。自我同情对个人进步更有效，尤其是在面对失败的时候)”可知，本段讲述了自我同情对个人进步更有效，所以G项“Whenyouareupsetaboutyourselffornotkeepingresolutions(当你为自己没有遵守决心而心烦意乱时)”符合本段主题，并引出下文“trytobekindandgentlewithyourself,justasyouwouldwithalovedone.(试着善待自己，温柔地对待自己，就像对待你所爱的人一样)”。故选G项。【38题详解】分析设空，是本段小标题，根据后文“Resolutionsareoftenphrasedasdefinitivegoals.(决心通常被描述为明确的目标)”可知，本段主题是决心，所以B项“Changeyourresolutionsintointentions(把你的决心变成行动)”是本段的小标题，其中resolutions为同词复现。故选B项。【39题详解】根据前文“Iwillexercisedaily.Iwillkickdesserts.(我将每天锻炼。我不吃甜点)”以及后文“Butsetting all-or-nothinggoalscanleadtoall-or-nothingdecisionsthatonegivesupwhenfacedwithchallenges.(但是，设定孤注一掷的目标可能会导致一个人在面对挑战时放弃孤注一掷的决定)”可知，空处应和后文构成转折关系，所以D项“Settingspecificbehavioralgoalscanbeeffective(设定具体的行为目标是有效的)”是对前文的说明，并和后文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选D项。【40题详解】根据前文“Ifyouarestrugglingtomaintainyourdesiredhabits,thereareevidence-basedtechniquesavailabletohelpyou.(如果你正在努力保持你想要的习惯，有一些基于证据的技术可以帮助你)”以及后文“Thisinvolvesidentifyingthespecificbarriersthatleadtoyourquittingsomethingthatyouwanttodo.Perhapsyoukeepforgettingthenewhabit,orperhapsyoudon’tunderstandhowtodoit.Whateveritis,identifythebarrierandcopewithitspecifically.(这包括确定导致你放弃你想做的事情的具体障碍。也许你总是忘记这个新习惯，或者你不知道如何去做。无论它是什么，找出障碍，并有针对性地解决它)”可知，前文说有技术帮助你，后文讲这个技术包括了什么，所以空处应是初步介绍这个技术，C项“Onesuchskilliscalledmissinglinksanalysis(其中一项技能被称为缺失环节分析)”符合文意。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mysonaskedmemonthsagoifhecouldswitchfromhismainstreamhighschooltoa____41____school.AtthattimeIwasunsureandalittle____42____Hewasn’tdoingwellinhisschool,andIknewthebestthingforhimwasto____43____toanotherlearningenvironmenttocompletehisstudy.Butmyhearthurtalittlethathewouldnotwalkthesamegraduation____44____thatIhadwalked,andalsothescenario(设想)Ihadcreatedwasnolongerbeneficialtohis____45____.Mysonisextremely____46____andhadasmallfriendgroup.Largegroupsarecomplexforhim.Aschoolofover2,500kidscanbedifficultforanyone,letalonemyboywithsocial____47____.Then,wedecidedthevocationalschool(职业学校)wasanoptionwiththesamegeneralcurriculum____48____byourstatetograduatehighschool.The____49____hehadalreadyearnedwouldcarryover,andhecouldgraduateearly.Byallowinghimtogothere,wehavewatchedhim____50____!Thedifferenceisastonishing.He____51____friendship,hewasproductiveandparticipatedinalifeskillscoursetohelphimselfwithreal-lifestudies,andhe____52____withhisteachers. Themostsignificantchangewasthathewouldcomehome____53____,enthusiasticabouthisday,andexcitedto____54____howhisdayhadgone.Ashismomma,itisallIneededtoknowthatmysonhaschosenwhatwas____55____forhim.41.A.compulsoryB.technicalC.unprofessionalD.academic42.A.heartbrokenB.nervousC.angryD.confused43.A.applyB.adaptC.transferD.talk44.A.ceremonyB.momentC.dilemmaD.stage45.A.curriculumB.wellbeingC.friendshipD.decision46.A.baldB.generousC.straightforwardD.shy47.A.anxietyB.conductC.responsibilityD.awareness48.A.studiedB.canceledC.requiredD.banned49.A.creditsB.subjectsC.medalsD.reputations50.A.graduateB.worsenC.thriveD.suffer51.A.formedB.understoodC.abandonedD.remembered52.A.gotawayB.madeupC.linedupD.gotalong53.A.cryingB.murmuringC.complainingD.smiling54.A.oversellB.learnC.shareD.predict 55.A.affordableB.suitableC.availableD.sensible【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.D45.B46.D47.A48.C49.A50.C51.A52.D53.D54.C55.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述儿子有社交焦虑，作者将他转去职业学校后他改变很大，作者知道自己为儿子选择了适合他的东西。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月前，我儿子问我他能不能从主流高中转到技术学校。A.compulsory强制的；B.technical技术性的；C.unprofessional非专业的；D.academic学术的。根据第四段中“wedecidedthevocationalschool(职业学校)wasanoption”可知，儿子问作者能不能从主流高中转到技术学校，故选B。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我很不确定，还有点心碎。A.heartbroken心碎的；B.nervous紧张的；C.angry生气的；D.confused困惑的。根据语境及下一段中“Butmyhearthurtalittle”可知，儿子想转到职业学校，作者有点心碎，故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在学校表现不好，我知道对他来说最好的办法就是转到另一个学习环境去完成他的学业。A.apply申请；B.adapt适应；C.transfer转移，转学；D.talk谈论。根据上文“ifhecouldswitchfromhismainstreamhighschooltoa____1____school”可知，此处和“switch”同义，指转到另一个学习环境，故选C。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的心有点痛，他不会再走我走过的那个毕业舞台，我所创造的设想也不再有利于他的幸福。A.ceremony典礼；B.moment时刻；C.dilemma困境；D.stage舞台。结合语境及空前的“graduation”可知，儿子要转学，不会再走作者走过的那个毕业舞台，故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.curriculum课程；B.wellbeing健康，幸福；C.friendship友谊；D.decision决定。上文提到儿子想转学，结合下文“Aschoolofover2,500kidscanbedifficultforanyone,letalonemyboywithsocial____7____”可知，儿子有社交焦虑，故这所学生很多的学校对儿子的健康没有好处，故选B。【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我儿子非常害羞，朋友圈很小。A.bald秃顶的；B.generous慷慨的；C.straightforward直截了当的；D.shy害羞的。根据“hadasmallfriendgroup”可知，儿子朋友少，说明他害羞，不善于交友，故选D。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一所有2500多名学生的学校对任何人来说都很困难，更不用说我那有社交焦虑症的儿子了。A.anxiety焦虑；B.conduct行为；C.responsibility责任；D.awareness意识。根据上文“Mysonisextremely____6____andhadasmallfriendgroup.”可知，儿子朋友很少，故应是有社交焦虑，故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们决定选择职业学校，与我们州要求高中毕业的普通课程相同。A.studied学习；B.canceled取消；C.required要求，需要；D.banned禁止。根据空后的“byourstatetograduatehighschool”可知，我们州要求职业学校和高中毕业的普通课程相同，故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经获得的学分可以结转，他可以提前毕业。A.credits学分；B.subjects科目；C.medals奖章；D.reputations名誉。根据“andhecouldgraduateearly”可知，可以提前毕业，故此处指学分可以结转，学分够了就可以毕业，故选A。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过让他去那里，我们看到了他的成长。A.graduate毕业；B.worsen变得更糟；C.thrive茁壮成长；D.suffer遭受。根据下文“He____11____friendship,hewasproductiveandparticipatedinalifeskillscourse”可知，儿子去职业学校后的成长很明显，故选C。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建立了友谊，他很有成效，参加了一个生活技能课程来帮助自己在现实生活中学习，他和老师相处得很好。A.formed形成，建立；B.understood理解；C.abandoned遗弃；D.remembered想起，记得。上文提到儿子朋友少，根据空后的“friendship”可知，此处指他交到了朋友，formfriendship“建立友谊”，故选A。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.gotaway离开；B.madeup构成，编造；C.linedup排队；D.gotalong相处。根据空后的“withhisteachers”可知，此处指他和老师相处得很好，故选D。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的变化是，他会微笑着回家，对他的一天充满热情，并兴奋地分享他的一天是如何度过的。A.crying哭泣；B.murmuring低语；C.complaining抱怨；D.smiling 微笑。根据“…enthusiasticabouthisday,andexcited…”可知，儿子现在很积极，会微笑着回家，故选D。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.oversell吹嘘；B.learn学习；C.share分享；D.predict预测。根据空后“howhisdayhadgone”可知，儿子回家后会分享自己在学校是如何度过的，故选C。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为他的妈妈，我只需要知道我的儿子选择了适合他的东西。A.affordable买得起的；B.suitable合适的；C.available可获得的；D.sensible明智的。根据上文描述的儿子的积极变化可知，作者为儿子选择了适合他的东西，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whilethereisgrowingconsumer____56____(realize)oftheenvironmentalimpactoffastfashion,canthesamebesaidaboutfastfurniture?Thechairsandtablesthatfillmanyofourhomesandeverydayspacesaremanufacturedonamassscale,andthecheaperitemsoftenendup____57____landfills.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),in2020over12milliontonsoffurniture____58____(throw)outinAmericaandsomeintotheforestillegally.Buyingfurniturecanbe____59____(incredible)expensive.Manyofusswitchovertocheaper,instantbrandslikeIKEA,____60____manufacturersusematerialshardertorecycle,whichislikelytodamagetheenvironment.Withgrowingcallsforsustainability,manybrandsareannouncingtochangethoughitremains____61____(see)whethertheywillkeepthesepromises.In____62____(it)currentsustainabilitystrategy,IKEAcommitsitselftousingonlyrecyclablematerialsinallitsproductsinanefforttopractice“circular”designandcutemissionstonet-zero.Theconceptofcirculardesign____63____(win)increasingconcernuptonow.In____64____circularsystem,furnitureproductswouldbedesignedtolastlongerandbefullyrecyclable,thusforminga____65____(close)loop(环).【答案】56.realization57.in58.wasthrown59.incredibly60.whose61.tobeseen62.its63.haswon64.a65.closed【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。根据美国环境保护署（EPA）的数据，2020年，美国有超过1200 万吨的家具被扔掉，随着对可持续发展的呼声越来越高，许多品牌都宣布要做出改变，循环设计的概念越来越受到人们的关注。【56题详解】考查名词。句意：当越来越多的消费者意识到快时尚对环境的影响时，快家具也能如此吗？结合空前的形容词“growing”可知，空处应填名词作therebe句型的主语，realization“意识”，不可数名词，故填realization。【57题详解】考查介词。句意：我们许多家庭和日常空间里的桌椅都是大规模生产的，而便宜的桌椅往往最终被扔进垃圾填埋场。结合空后的“landfills”可知，此处指“最终被扔进垃圾填埋场”，应用介词in，endupin“以……告终，在……结束”，故填in。【58题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：根据美国环境保护署（EPA）的数据，2020年，美国有超过1200万吨的家具被扔掉，其中一些被非法扔进了森林。主语furniture和动词throw之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in2020”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词使用was，故填wasthrown。【59题详解】考查副词。句意：买家具可能非常贵。空处修饰形容词“expensive”，应用副词incredibly“非常地”，作状语，故填incredibly。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们中的许多人转而选择宜家等更便宜的速溶品牌，这些品牌的制造商使用更难回收的材料，这可能会破坏环境。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是cheaper,instantbrands，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着对可持续发展的呼声越来越高，许多品牌都宣布要做出改变，尽管它们是否会遵守这些承诺还有待观察。remaintodosth“有待于做某事”，主语it指代whether引导的从句，与动词see之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动式，故填tobeseen。【62题详解】考查代词。句意：在目前的可持续发展战略中，宜家承诺在所有产品中只使用可回收材料，努力实践“循环”设计，并将排放减少到净零。空处修饰名词短语sustainabilitystrategy，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。【63题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，循环设计的概念越来越受到人们的关注。根据时间状语uptonow可知，句子用现在完成时，主语concept是名词单数，助动词使用has，故填haswon。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：在循环系统中，家具产品的设计寿命更长，并且可以完全回收，从而形成一个闭环。system是可数名词，此处表示泛指，system以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。【65题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰名词loop，应用形容词closed“封闭的”，作定语，故填closed。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是高三学生李华。3月12日是植树节（ArborDay），请你以学生会的名义写一则通知，告知在校的留学生本周日在人民公园举行的植树活动。内容包括：1.活动时间地点；2.植树的准备；3.活动流程。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文NoticeWiththeArborDayapproaching,allexchangestudentsareinvitedtojoinintheupcomingtreeplantingactivityinPeople’sParkthisSunday,March12th.Thiseventaimstopromoteenvironmentalawarenessandtoenhanceourcommitmenttogreenliving.Itstartsat8:00am,withashortbriefingontreeplantingtechniquesandsafetyprecautions.Participantswillthenbedividedintogroupsandgivenseedlingsbythepark’sstaff,andproceedtothedesignatedareainthepark.Lunchwillbeprovidedatmid-afternoon,followedbyashortbreakbeforetheactivityiscompleted.Toensureasmoothexperience,it’shighlyrecommendedtowearcomfortableclothingsuitableforoutdoor activitiesandbringawaterbottletostayhydrated.Don’tforgetinstrumentsoflabor,say,aspadeorabucket.Lookforwardtoanenjoyableandfulfillingdaywithyou!StudentUnion【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会的名义写一则通知，告知在校的留学生本周日在人民公园举行的植树活动。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：joinin→takepartin提高：promote→raise提供：provide→offer确保：ensure→makesure2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：WiththeArborDayapproaching,allexchangestudentsareinvitedtojoinintheupcomingtreeplantingactivityinPeople’sParkthisSunday,March12th.拓展句：AstheArborDayapproaches,allexchangestudentsareinvitedtojoinintheupcomingtreeplantingactivityinPeople’sParkthisSunday,March12th.【点睛】【高分句型1】Lunchwillbeprovidedatmid-afternoon,followedbyashortbreakbeforetheactivityiscompleted.（运用了before引导的时间状语从句）【高分句型2】Toensureasmoothexperience,it’shighlyrecommendedtowearcomfortableclothingsuitableforoutdooractivitiesandbringawaterbottletostayhydrated.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneday,inthemiddleoftheyear,weallfiledintotheclassroomasusual.Mr.Williamsfollowedus,enteringtheroomlast,stealthilysidesteppingandholdingsomethingbehindhisback.“Ihaveasurpriseforyou,”hesaid,dramaticallyrevealingaplasticbagwithatropicalfishinit.Hehelditupanddemonstratedthatthefishwouldbeourclasspet.Afterputtingthefishinthetank,heaskedustonameitandfeediteveryday.Therewasonlyonerule—notnegotiable.Wecouldnot,underanycircumstances,touchthefishwithourhands.Mr.Williamswarnedusthatifhecaughtanystudentwiththehandsinthetankorifourfingersdirectlycameclosetothosetechnicolorscales(彩色的鱼鳞),wewouldbesuspendedfromschoolfortwodays,noquestionsasked.Thisironrulewasthus formedinourclass.Dayafterdaywe’dcometoclassandfeedthefish.TherewasagirlstudentnamedAmyinourclass,whowasenchantedbythisbeautifulfishinparticular.Sheoftenpicturedwhatthefishcoulddoifitwereswimmingfreeinthelake.Evensometimesshepressedherfaceuptotheglasswatchingthisrainbowinmotionswimbackandforth.Overtime,shesettledonanameforit:Confucius.AboutaweekintoConfucius’sdesirablefamilyresidence,wetookturnsconductingitsdailyfeedingwithcaution.Thefamiliarbellringing,Mr.Williamscasuallysteppedontotheplatformforclass.Theintenseeyeshadtofixonhim,afraidtoneglectthekeypointsoftheexam.Suddenlyaterrifyingsoundinterruptedourattentivegaze,likeatsunamicoming.Unexpectedly,Confuciusjumpedfromthetanktotheground.MaybeitlistenedtoMr.Williamscheering.Confuciusflippedandgasped,strugglingdesperatelyontheground.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Finally,Amygotupfromherseat.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Relieved,weturnedoureyestoMr.Williams.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文Finally,Amygotupfromherseat.Thebrightgirl,onthevergeoftears,flewtoConfuciuslikeagustofwind.“No!”Weletoutadeafeningroarinchaos,withanoisydiscussionhangingovertheclassroom.“Therule!”Mr.Williams’swarningechoedinAmy’smindrepeatedly.“Undernocircumstancesareyoutotouchthefish.”Hesitantly,shetookastepback.Confuciuslayontheground,withitsmouthgaspingforairanditstailgraduallystoppingswinging.Weallsatfrozeninplace,andjustwatched,atalosswhattodoinpanic.AtthiscriticalmomentAmyhadanidea.Sheputtheplasticbagoverherhandswiftly,pickedConfuciusuplikealivegrenadeandputit backintothetank.Thankfully,thelovelycreaturecametolifeinthewater.Itswammerrily,asiftoexpressitsgratitudetothesweetangelAmy.Relieved,weturnedoureyestoMr.Williams.Unfortunately,Mr.Williams,withaseverelookonhisface,toldAmytopackherbagsandsuspendedherfromschoolfortwodays.“Areyouserious?”Wewereallbabbling,wearingawoebegoneexpression.ButMr.Williamsdidnotshowtheslightestinclinationtochange.Weflockedtothetank,andpressedourfacesuptotheglasstowatchConfucius,wallowinginourguilt.Justthen,Amyraisedherheroichandhigh,stillwrappedintheplasticbag.“Look!”Aconfidentsmilespreadacrossherlips.Shedidn’ttouchthefishdirectlywithherfingers.Thatwasnotagainsttherule.Mr.Williamsnoddedinagreementandwentbacktolecturing.DelightedandfeelingproudofAmy,weallcasteyesnowandthenonAmy,whoinvitedustowitnesshowsmartitwastoapplyrulesflexiblywithoutviolatingprinciples.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一条热带鱼成为了班级宠物，Mr.Williams规定任何情况，学生们都不可以用手碰鱼。一个叫Amy的女生，特别喜欢这条鱼，给它起名“Confucious”。一天这条鱼从鱼缸里跳了出来，在地上拼命挣扎。Amy急中生智，用塑料袋套在手上，将鱼送回鱼缸。Mr.Williams以触犯了规定为由，要将Amy停课两天。而Amy其实手上套着塑料袋，并没有违法规定，不应该受到处罚。这样的结局让大家都很高兴。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Finally,Amygotupfromherseat.(最后，Amy从座位上站了起来。)”可知，第一段可描写Amy是如何在不违反规定的情况下拯救这条小鱼的。②由第二段首句内容“Relieved,weturnedoureyestoMr.Williams.(我们松了一口气，把目光转向了Williams先生。)”可知，第二段可描写Mr.Williams是如何执行规定和惩罚，Amy又是如何机智地为自己证明的。2.续写线索：Amy想要救鱼——大家提醒Mr.Williams的规定——Amy急中生智套上了塑料袋成功地救了鱼——Mr.Williams对Amy做出惩罚决定——大家感到震惊和遗憾——Amy为自己证明，免于惩罚3.词汇激活行为类①.叫喊：letout/callout/singout/burstout/shout②.表达：express/convey/voice③.要求：tell/ask/order/request/require情绪类①.聪明的：bright/clever/smart ②.感激地：thankfully/gratefully/appreciatively③.开心地：merrily/happily/pleasantly【点睛】[高分句型1].Weletoutadeafeningroarinchaos,withanoisydiscussionhangingovertheclassroom.（with复合结构作伴随状语）[高分句型2].DelightedandfeelingproudofAmy,weallcasteyesnowandthenonAmy,whoinvitedustowitnesshowsmartitwastoapplyrulesflexiblywithoutviolatingprinciples.（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句，且从句中包含how感叹句作宾语从句）