重庆市第八中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2022—2023高二年级下期7月考试英语试题(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,thatnewsuperheromovieisoutthisweekend!Butwe’regoinghiking.Maybewecangoduringtheweek?W:Okay.It’sshowingonTuesdayandThursday.M:Let’sgoonThursday.IplayfootballonMondaysandTuesdays.W:Perfect,let’sdoit!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Place an order.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.【答案】A 【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon.I’mcallingaboutorderingsomeuniformsformybaseballteam.W:OK.Doyouhaveadesigninmind?Ifnot,youcanuseourwebsitetoviewdifferentstyles.Thenyoucansubmityourorderthroughthesite,too.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisSally’sfavoritecity?A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jeremy,Europeisamazing!M:OhSally,that’ssocool.What’sthebestplacethatyouwentto?W:It’shardtochoose.IreallyloveParisandMadridbutithastobeVeniceasthearchitectureisjustbreath-taking.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HeyTom!Areyougoingtothecafedownstairstogetacupofcoffee?M:No,that’sclosed.I’mgoingtothedessertshopbythebookstoreonthenextstreet.W:DoyoumindifIgowithyou?M:Notatall.Ifeellonelygoingbymyselfanyway.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,Mr.Gomezwantstoseeyouinhisoffice.M:Doyouknowwhy?IhopeIhaven’tdoneanythingwrong.W:Relax.Hejustwantstogooversomeclientdata.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelievemycardied!Thanksforgivingmeahand.M:Anytime.W:Youlooklikeyouknowwhatyou’redoing.M:Mydad’samechanic,sohetaughtmeafewtricksofthetrade.W:Doyouthinkit’llmakemuchlonger?M:Justanothercoupleofminutes,andyou’llbeabletohittheroad.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?A.Byhisworkingexperiences.B.Byhiscommunicationskills.C.Byhisinternationalbackground.10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.【答案】8.A9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:HaveyoureviewedtheapplicationletterofStevenJohnson?Hisexperiencesareprettyimpressive.W:Ihavenoticedhewonprettybigcontractsfromabiginternationaltraderlastyear.Doyouthinkhewouldbea goodfitforourcompany?M:Well,wehavetoseehiminpersonbeforemakinganydecisions.ShouldIarrangeaformalinterviewwithhim?W:Actually,I’llbeoutoftownnextweek,sowhydon’twesetupascheduleinthefollowingweek?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?A.Startanewposition.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Attendameeting.12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?A.Movingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Reviewanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Pablo,Iheardaboutyourpromotionintoday’sregularmeeting.Congratulations!Whendoyoustartyournewposition?M:Thanksverymuch!IstartonMonday.Thingsarealittlebusyatthemoment,though,becausemynewofficeisonadifferentfloor,andIhavetomoveallmypersonalbelongingsthere.W:Ijusttookchargeoftheofficesupplies,soifyouneedanythingtohelpyoupack,letmeknow.M:Thatwouldactuallybeveryhelpful.Ican’tbelievehowmanythingsI’vecollectedovertheyears!DoyouthinkIcangetsomecardboardboxesandtape?W:Sureyoucan.Oh,I’msupposedtogiveanexpensereportinfiveminutes.I’llcomebacktoyoulater.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation? A.It’sprivate.B.It’sfamilyfriendly.C.It’srequestedbythecharity.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Organizesomeactivities.B.Contributesomemoney.C.Contactsomebands.17.Whatistheevent’spurpose?A.Tohearsomelivemusic.B.Tohelpananimalshelter.C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:HeyTerry,thischarityfundraiserI’morganizing,it’sgoingtobeabigevent!M:Whereareyouhostingit,Mary?W:Hereinthiscoffeeshop.There’sspaceforlivemusic,food,andlotsofactivitiesforkids.M:Oh,Iassumedyouwoulddoitatamusichall.W:Weconsideredit.Butitwasn’tavailablethen.Thenwedecidedeitherhereorthepark.Finally,wechosethisshopasit’smorefamilyfriendly.M:Yeah,thatmakessense,andIsupposethisismoreprivatecomparedtothepark.Whatcharityisit?W:Alocalanimalshelter.Ithoughtthiswouldbeagreatwaytoraiseawarenessandfunds.Theyalwaysneedalittlesupport.M:That’sawesome.WhatcanIdotohelp?W:Well,Iwasactuallyhopingyoucouldlendmeahandwiththemusic.Youknowalotofbands,andIwasthinkingmaybeyoucouldhelpmebooksomeactsfortheevent.M:Sure,I’dbehappytohelpout.I’llseewhatIcando.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.B.Shewasinspiredbyherteacher.C.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.19.WhatisthebiggestchallengeoflearningArabicforthespeaker? A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?A.Beinginvitedtoameal.B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening,everyone.IrecentlylearntArabicinCairoaspartofmydegree.MyinterestinthelanguagewasduetothepassionofourArabiclecturerandasthecourseprogressed,myinterestintheculturealsogrewwithit.IconsideredstudyingintheMiddleEast,butultimatelydecidedonCairoduetoitsenergeticculturalscene.However,inthecity,wefacedsomechallenges,includingdifficultiesfindingahotelandaccommodationaswewereagroupofunmarriedindividuals.Oncesettled,thecultureshockwasintenseforsomeofus.Onememberofourgroupreturnedhomewithinthefirstweek.LuckilyIbecameaccustomedtothelifeinCairogradually.ThebiggestchallengeoflearningArabicisthedisconnectionbetweenthewrittenandthespokenforms.Despitethesechallenges,learningArabichasbeenarewardingexperience,includingabsorbingmyselfinthecultureandgettingtoknowthelocalsandevennegotiatingatalocalmarket.HighlightswerebeinginvitedtoatraditionalArabicmealatoneofthelocals’homeandbeingabletoconfidentlycommunicate.Overall,thisexperiencewasoutsideofmycomfortzoneandallowedmetolearnandgrowininterestingways.Iencourageotherstoconsiderinvolvingthemselvesinnewculturesandlanguages.Thanksforlistening.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADownHouse,homeofCharlesDarwin:FunfactCharlesDarwin,hiswife,Emma,andtheirchildrenlivedatDownHousefor40yearsfrom1838.Severalroomsappearasifthefamilystilllivehere:withcroquetsetsthrownintoanunder-stairscupboard,ahalf-playedgameofbackgammononasidetableandEmma’sknitting(毛线)leftonachairinthedrawingroom.Upstairs,anexhibitionshowcasesDarwin’svoyageaboardHMSBeagle,includingareconstructionofhiscabin.Outside, visitorscanexploretheshelteredgardenswhichDarwinusedasanopen-airlaboratory,andthegreenhouseinwhichheplantedrareplantsanddevisedbotanicalexperiments.NoroomatDownHouseescapedDarwin’sexperiments.Inthedrawingroomheonceplacedajarofearthwormsonthegrandpianotoseewhethertheycouldhear.GettingthereA15-minutedrivefromtheA21/Farnborough.Freeparking.TheR8busfromOrpingtonstopsnearby(exceptSundays)orthe146busfromBromleyNorthandSouthterminates(终点站)inDownevillage,halfamilefromtheproperty.ThenearestrailwaystationsareChelsfieldorOrpington,aboutfourmilesaway.Valueformoney?It’s￡12(adult),￡7.20(child),or￡31.30(familywith2adults).Under5sgofree.OpeninghoursOpendaily10am-6pmfrom30Marchto30September;daily10a.m.—5p.m.between1to31October.Openingtimesvarythroughthewinter(checkwebsitefordetails).Verdict(评价)8/10.Anunstuffyeducational,gentleday-tripattractionwithfriendly,knowledgeablestaff.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinDownHouse?A.Playthegrandpiano.B.SetsailinHMSBeagle.C.ExploreDarwin’sworkandlife.D.Tryfoodsourcedfromthegarden.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir4-year-oldtwinsonspayforadmission?A.￡38.40.B.￡26.20.C.￡31.30.D.￡24.23.WhatdoweknowaboutDownHouse?A.Itishighlythoughtof.B.Itchargesparkingfees.C.Ithasfixedopeninghours.D.Itisinconvenientlylocated.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本篇是应用文。文章主要介绍了参观达尔文故居的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Funfact部分中“Outside,visitorscanexploretheshelteredgardenswhichDarwinusedasanopen-airlaboratory,andthegreenhouseinwhichheplantedrareplantsanddevisedbotanicalexperiments.(在外面，游客可以探索达尔文用作露天实验室的遮蔽花园，以及他种植稀有植物和设计植物学实验的温室)”可知，游客在这里可以探索了解达尔文当年的工作生活情况，故选C。 【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Valueformoney部分中“It’s￡12(adult),￡7.20(child),or￡31.30(familywith2adults).Under5sgofree.(成人￡12，儿童￡7.20，或￡31.30（一个有2个成年人的家庭）。5岁以下免费)”可知，四岁孩子不要钱，父母带两个四岁孩子的最优惠价格是12+12=24英镑，故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Verdict部分“8/10.Anunstuffyeducational,gentleday-tripattractionwithfriendly,knowledgeablestaff.(8/10。一个充满教育气息、温和的一日游景点，拥有友好、知识渊博的工作人员)”可知该处景点评价很高，故选A。BWhenthenewscamethatmymotherwashospitalizedforaheartattack,IwasinPeruonahikingtrip.Thatevening,beforeIcouldboardtheplanetoItaly,Iwasinformedthatshehadpassedaway.SadnessandthefeelingofnotbeingthereformymotherwhensheneededmemostbrokeallexcusesIdmadeuptostayawaytryingtomakeitasa“travelwriter”.Therewasn’tmuchIcoulddotostopthaturgetodenouncemyself.MymotherTundrastayedinhernorthernItalianworldmostofherlife,whereIalwaysstoodoutasafreakandtheonedoingworthlesssillythings.Butmystoriesfromdistantplacesarousedhercuriosityandbroughthercomfort.Toher,Iwasacourageousadventurer,andherwordstowardsmyachievementswhichareinsignifcantnowpushedmeforwardonthatunconventionalpath.Afterhandlingmymother’saffairsinItaly,IdecidedtoleaveforPenangIsland,oneofthemostvisitedplacesinPenang,Malaysia.WithalltheinternationaltravelI’ddone,intruthI’dalwaystreateditmorelikeastopfornecessaryandurgentbreaks,ratherthanaproperdestination.Yetthen,Imisseditsatmospherethatmademefeelathomesomehow.Returningthere,Ireconnectedwithbackwoodsbygoingonhikes.Itwashardtoputmyfeelingsintowords,buttherainforestheldsomethinguniquelycomforting.Thisexperiencewassimilartosteppingintoanancient,purerworldthatmadeoneconsiderhumannatureandproblems.Besides,thesoundofstrangeinsectswasalmostlikealanguage,whisperingtomethatIshouldletgoofthepast,andonlyfocusoncurrentlife.Likeanoilleak,thatsufferingfelloutofmeandintoeveryfootprintleft.18monthspassing,Ilookbackonthetimespentinthenaturalworldandtimelessenvironment,knowingI’vepulledthrough.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“denounce”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Blame.B.Support.C.Doubt.D.Encourage.25.What’stheattitudeoftheauthor’smothertohistravel?A.Worried.B.Favorable.C.DisapprovingD.Excited. 26.WhatdidPenangIslandmeantotheauthorinthepast?A.Aspecialsecondhome.B.Ahard-to-reachdestination.C.Adistanttouristattraction.D.Amuch-neededrestingplace.27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellinthetext?A.Hikingbuildsuphisconfidence.B.Penangisagoodplacetorestart.C.Naturehelpshimovercomesorrow.D.It’simportanttoliveinthemoment.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过亲近自然、在自然中度过时光终于走出了失去母亲以及没能在母亲最需要时陪伴她的痛苦。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“SadnessandthefeelingofnotbeingthereformymotherwhensheneededmemostbrokeallexcusesIdmadeuptostayawaytryingtomakeitasa“travelwriter”.Therewasn’tmuchIcoulddotostopthaturgetodenouncemyself.(悲伤和在母亲最需要我的时候没有陪伴在她身边的感觉打破了我为成为一名“旅行作家”而编造的所有借口。我无法阻止denounce自己的冲动)”可知，作者没能在母亲最需要的时候陪在她身边，由此可知，作者会责备自己的去秘鲁旅行的冲动。因此猜测划线词意为“责备”，与blame同义。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第第二段的“Toher,Iwasacourageousadventurer,andherwordstowardsmyachievementswhichareinsignifcantnowpushedmeforwardonthatunconventionalpath.(对她来说，我是一个勇敢的冒险家，而她对我的成就的赞美——尽管现在还没有实现——推动着我走上了那条非常规的道路)”推知，母亲对作者的旅行持支持态度。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Afterhandlingmymother’saffairsinItaly,IdecidedtoleaveforPenangIsland,oneofthemostvisitedplacesinPenang,Malaysia.WithalltheinternationaltravelI’ddone,intruthI’dalwaystreateditmorelikeastopfornecessaryandurgentbreaks,ratherthanaproperdestination.(在意大利处理完母亲的事务后，我决定前往马来西亚槟城市游客最多的地方之一的槟城岛。对于我所做的所有国际旅行，事实上，我总是把它当作必要和紧急休息的首选，而不是一个合适的目的地)”可知，作者把槟榔岛看作是一个必要的休息点。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合最后一段的“18monthspassing,Ilookbackonthetimespentinthenatural worldandtimelessenvironment,knowingI’vepulledthrough.(18个月过去了，回首在自然世界和永恒环境中度过的时光，我知道我已经度过了难关)”可知，作者通过在自然中度过时光终于走出了失去母亲以及没能在母亲最需要时陪伴她的痛苦。由此推知，作者通过本文想告诉我们自然帮助她克服了悲伤。故选C。CT.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.Backin1938,itwasthefirstparkeastoftheMississippirivertoopenforAfricanAmericanvisitors.Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject.Anewwalkingandbikingtrailhasbeenbuiltthroughthishistoricpark.Illegallydumped(被丢弃的)tiresarenotonlyunpleasanttosee,butthey’readangerousadditiontotheenvironment.Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallydecompose.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail.TNStateParksexplainedhowthetrail’sconstruction,whichhasbeenindevelopmentsince2019,wasajointeffort.OfficialsfromtheTennesseeDepartmentofEnvironmentandConservation,theTennesseeDepartmentofTransportation,theCityofMemphis,ShelbyCounty,andMemphisCityBeautifulwereallinvolvedinfundingthisrecyclingproject.Theseofficialsnamedtheirinitiativethe“TirestoTrails”project.Workersfromthesedepartments,alongsidesome450volunteers,cametogethertocollectover24,000tiresthathadbeenillegallydumpedintheareaaroundtheparktoberecycled.“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositiveuse,”David,aleaderoftheproject,saidinastatement.28.WhatkindofparkisT.O.FullerStatePark?A.Itisapopularparkwithagoodtradition.B.Itisthefirstparkwelcomingallvisitors.C.ItisaparkwestoftheMississippiriver.D.Itisamodernparkwithoutbikingtrails.29.Whyaredumpedtiresadangerousadditiontotheenvironment?A.Theyareuglytosee.B.Theyreleaseharmfulgasses.C.Theyaremadeupofplastic.D.Theycouldonlybeusedtopavethenewtrail. 30.WhatdoesDavidmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Itisthepark’sresponsibilitytorecycle.B.Theparkisbuiltondumpedmaterials.C.Theparksuccessfullyrecycleddumpedtires.D.Itispossibletoturneverythingintousefulthings.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AreasofReusingTiresBMethodsofRebuildingaTrailC.TiresTransformedintoaNewHikingTrailD.OfficialsandPeopleWorkingTogethertoRecycleTires【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是田纳西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在众人合作的基础上对被丢弃的轮胎进行废物利用，公园里的一条路就是用废弃轮胎建成的。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“T.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.(田纳西州Memphis的T.O.Fuller州立公园世世代代受到人们的喜爱，一直是社区至上的地方)”可知，它是一个受欢迎的公园。根据第一段最后一句话“Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject.(80多年后，该公园继续其前瞻性的传统，这一次，通过一个开创性的可持续发展项目)”可知，它是一个有着良好传统的公园，因此T.O.FullerStatePark是一个很受欢迎的公园，有着很好的传统。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallydecompose.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.(橡胶和塑料一样，是一种不会自然分解的材料。在像田纳西州这样炎热的地方，这些被丢弃的轮胎经常开始融化，并将这些有害气体释放到空气中)”可知，废弃轮胎会对环境造成危害是因为它们释放有害气体。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositive use(这是一个循环再利用的完美例子，收集废弃材料，然后将其转化为积极的用途)”可知，David在最后一段的意思是T.O.FullerStatePark在回收废弃轮胎方面做得很成功。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail.(幸运的是，旧轮胎被送到了田纳西州Bristol的PatriotTireRecycling，这是该地区唯一一家可以以环保方式分解轮胎的工厂。在那里，收集到的轮胎被安全地分解成橡胶碎屑，最终用于铺设新的道路)”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了田纳西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在众人合作的基础上对被丢弃的轮胎进行废物利用并用其铺成了一条路的故事，因此最好的题目是C选项“TiresTransformedintoaNewHikingTrail(轮胎变成了一条新的徒步旅行路线)”。故选C。DIsittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(认知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmin difficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.32.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthesignificanceofEC?A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.33.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom?A.Theirpersonallooks.B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions.D.Theirphysicalfeelings.34.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5?A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Todeepenthereaders’understandingofEC.B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequal measure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneed—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。34题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?(既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢?)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.(如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HelpingYourKidstoBeInterestedinSportsBeingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren._____36_____However,someparentscanfeelshockedwhentheyseethattheirchildisn’tinterestedinsports.Sohowcanyouencouragethemtohaveago? Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport._____37_____Soyouneedtobesomeonewhoisinterestedandactive,ifyouwantanyhopeofthemdoingsotoo.Ifyoulayonthecouchalldaythentheywilljustlearntodothattoo._____38_____Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.Youcouldlookforateamuniformstoretogetthemasportsshirtwiththeirnameonforexample,aswellasseetheteamplayatoneoftheirgames._____39_____Ifsomethingisdull,itwillbehardforchildrentobeenthusiasticaboutit.Thiswillmakethemresent(讨厌)it,whichisnotagoodthingforlaterinlife.Iftheyshowparticularskillandlearntoplaysport,thenmorepracticeandtrainingcancomein._____40_____Whentheycanenjoywhattheydo,theywillonlyseeitassomethingfuntodo,ratherthanwhatweasadultsmightseeitas,suchasachoretoburncalories.Whateversportyourchildchoosestoplay,encouragethemandmakeitfun,andthenitwillbesomethingthattheywillwanttocarryondoingastheygoabouttherestoftheirlives.A.Theywon’tbeinterestedinsportsifyou’renot.B.herearesomeothertipsthatyouwouldsharewiththem.C.Shareyourenthusiasmanditwillhelptolightenapassion.D.Sothinkaboutwaysthatcangetthemtobeactiveinthesports.E.Howactiveachildiswillimpacttheiroverallhealthandlearning.F.Apartfromleadingbyexample,youcouldalsoshareyourfavoriteteam.G.However,themainmessageforgettingchildrenintosportistokeepitfun.【答案】36.E37.A38.F39.C40.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些帮助孩子对运动感兴趣的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Beingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.(活跃和运动对我们所有人都非常重要，对儿童来说尤为重要。)”可知，这里强调活跃和运动对儿童来说尤为重要。选项E“孩子的活跃程度将影响他们的整体健康和学习。”和上文意思一致。故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.(当你为人父母时，以身作则是个好主意。这在很多方面都是正确的，但尤其是在忘记孩子们参与体育运动这方面。) ”可知，作为家长要为孩子树立榜样，结合上文提到体育运动，可知选项A“如果你不感兴趣，他们就不会对体育感兴趣。”和上文意思一致。故选A。【38题详解】根据下文“Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.(尽管他们可以选择他们想要支持的人，但看到你对某个特定球员或球队的热情可能正是他们开始旅程所需要的。)”可知，这里建议家长跟孩子分享喜欢的球员或球队。选项F“除了以身作则，你还可以与他们分享你喜欢的球队。”和下文意思一致。故选F。【39题详解】根据上文“Youcouldlookforateamuniformstoretogetthemasportsshirtwiththeirnameonforexample,aswellasseetheteamplayatoneoftheirgames.(例如，你可以找一家队服商店给他们买一件印有他们名字的运动衫，也可以看球队参加他们的一场比赛。)”可知，这里举例说明家长在球队的热情。选项C“分享你的热情，这将有助于点燃激情。”和上文意思一致。故选C。【40题详解】根据上文“Iftheyshowparticularskillandlearntoplaysport,thenmorepracticeandtrainingcancomein.(如果他们表现出特殊的技能并且学习运动，那么就应多练习和训练。)”和下文“Whentheycanenjoywhattheydo,theywillonlyseeitassomethingfuntodo,ratherthanwhatweasadultsmightseeitas,suchasachoretoburncalories.(当他们能够享受自己所做的事情时，他们只会认为这是一件有趣的事情，而不是我们成年人可能认为的事情，比如燃烧卡路里的家务。)”可知，这里建议让孩子参与有乐趣的运动。选项G“然而，让孩子们参与体育运动的关键是让运动变得有乐趣。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Intheearly1990s,EricDomb,ahighlysuccessfullawyer,cameupwiththeideaofbuildingabirdpark.Hisfather-in-law____41____theideainthebeginning,butwhenthe____42____startedtomakeshapehebackedout.Dombthushadto____43____moneyfromformerclients,histwobrothersandfatheraswellasabanktobuildazoologicalparkknownasPairiDaiza.Aftertheparkopenedin1994,hisinexperienceledtomany____44____,buthepushedonwithhisventure(冒险).By2000,theparkwasturningaprofit,andDomb’sambitionswere____45____.Theparkneededmorethanbirds,hebelieved,andothercreaturesandculturalgardenswouldhelpturnitintosomething____46____.SincehischildhoodhehasbeenfascinatedbyChinese____47____.In2006,hebuiltthefirstChinesegarden,DreamofHanWuDiinhiszoo.ItwassaidtobethelargestChinesegardeninEurope.Dombkept ____48____newelements.Itfinallytookmorethansixyearstocompletetheproject.Dombfelt____49____bythejointpandabreedingprogram.Dombandhispeoplespentthefollowingmonths____50____buildinggiantpandahouseswithnoguaranteethatPairiDaizawouldbefortunateenoughto____51____giantpandas.Thehugeenclosurebuiltincludesapool,caveand____52____plantation.Now,Dombiseagertotellhowhe____53____apairofgiantpandas,XingHuiandHaoHaoinFebruary2014.Thesenseof____54____isallthemoreprofoundinthatPairiDaizaisoneofthefewprivatezoosoutsideChinato____55____giantpandas.41.A.rejectedB.supportedC.doubtedD.raised42.A.projectB.ruleC.lawD.document43.A.stealB.winC.earnD.borrow44.A.rewardsB.wondersC.mistakesD.regrets45.A.missingB.spreadingC.shakingD.growing46.A.extremeB.unusualC.irregularD.essential47.A.cultureB.foodC.poetryD.dream48.A.containingB.changingC.addingD.removing49.A.embarrassedB.surprisedC.confusedD.inspired50.A.willinglyB.enthusiasticallyC.automaticallyD.confidently51.A.takechargeofB.payattentiontoC.getholdofD.gainknowledgeof52.A.grassB.teaC.coffeeD.bamboo53.A.boughtB.protectedC.receivedD.tracked54.A.prideB.humorC.securityD.duty55.A.hideB.houseC.trainD.save【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.D46.B47.A48.C49.D50.B51.A52.D53.C54.A55.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Domb建立了一个鸟公园，尽管遇到了很多挑战，Domb坚持下来，受到了大熊猫联合繁育计划的启发，热情地建造了大熊猫馆并成为中国以外为数不多的饲养大熊猫的私人动物园之一。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的岳父一开始支持这个想法，但当项目开始成型时，他就退出了。A.rejected拒绝；B.supported支持；C.doubted怀疑；D.raised抚养。根据下句“butwhenthe2 startedtotakeshapehebackedout.”可知，但当项目开始成形时，他退出了。说明他继父之前是支持的。故选B。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的岳父一开始支持这个想法，但当项目开始成型时，他就退出了。A.project项目；B.rule规则；C.law法律；D.document文件。根据上句“Intheearly1990s，EricDomb，ahighlysuccessfullawyer，cameupwiththeideaofbuildingabirdpark.”可知，20世纪90年代初，非常成功的律师埃里克•多姆布（EricDomb）提出了建造鸟类公园的想法。说明这是一个项目。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Domb不得不向以前的客户、他的两个兄弟和父亲以及一家银行借钱，以建立一个名为PairiDaiza的动物园。A.steal偷；B.win赢；C.earn挣钱；D.borrow借。根据空后“moneyfromformerclients，histwobrothersandfatheraswellasabanktobuildazoologicalparkknownasPairiDaiza.”可知，因此，Domb不得不向以前的客户、他的两个兄弟和父亲以及一家银行借钱，以建造一个名为PairiDaiza的动物园。故选D。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1994年公园开放后，由于缺乏经验，他犯了很多错误，但他还是坚持了下去。A.rewards奖励；B.wonders奇迹；C.mistakes错误；D.regrets后悔。根据空前“hisinexperience”可知，他缺乏经验导致了许多错误，但他继续他的冒险。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2000年，公园开始盈利，多姆的野心也越来越大。A.missing丢失；B.spreading传播；C.shaking晃动；D.growing增长。根据下句“Theparkneededmorethanbirds，hebelieved，andothercreatures”可知，他认为，公园需要的不仅仅是鸟类和其他生物。说明他的野心也在增长。故选D。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为，公园需要的不仅仅是鸟类，其他生物和文化花园将帮助它变得与众不同。A.extreme极其的；B.unusual不同寻常的；C.irregular无规律的；D.essential必要的。根据上句“Theparkneededmorethanbirds，hebelieved，andothercreatures”可知，他认为，公园需要的不仅仅是鸟类和其他生物。说明他想让这个公园不同寻常。故选B。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从小就对中国文化着迷。A.culture文化；B.food食物；C.poetry诗歌；D.dream梦想。根据下句“In2006,hebuiltthefirstChinesegarden，DreamofHanWuDiinhiszoo”可知，2006年，他在自己的动物园里建造了第一个中国花园地之梦。说明他对中国文化感兴趣。故选A。 【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Domb不断添加新元素。最终花了六年多的时间才完成这个项目。A.containing包含；B.changing改变；C.adding增加；D.removing去除。根据上文“Theparkneededmorethanbirds,hebelieved,andothercreatures”可知，他认为，公园需要的不仅仅是鸟类和其他生物。说明他想给公园增加新的元素。故选C。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Domb受到了大熊猫联合繁育计划的启发。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.confused困惑的；D.inspired鼓舞的。根据空后“thejointpandabreedingprogram”可知，Domb感受到了熊猫联合繁殖计划的启发。Domb和他的人在接下来的几个月里热情地建造大熊猫之家，却不能保证PairiDaizi会有幸接管大熊猫。故选D。【50题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Domb和他的人在接下来的几个月里热情地建造了大熊猫馆，但不能保证PairiDaiza会幸运地照顾大熊猫。A.willingly乐意地；B.enthusiastically热情地；C.automatically自动地；D.confidently自信地。根据上文“Itfinallytookmorethansixyearstocompletetheproject.”可知，最终花了六年多的时间才完成这个项目。说明Domb和他的人非常有热情。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Domb和他的人在接下来的几个月里热情地建造了大熊猫馆，但不能保证PairiDaiza会幸运地照顾大熊猫。A.takechargeof负责；B.payattentionto注意；C.getholdof抓住；D.gainknowledgeof获得知识。Domb和他的人在接下来的几个月里热情地建造大熊猫之家，却不能保证PairiDaizi会有幸接管大熊猫。故选A。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：巨大的围墙包括一个水池、洞穴和竹林。A.grass草；B.tea茶；C.coffee咖啡；D.bamboo竹子。根据上文“Dombfelt9bythejointpandabreedingprogram.”可知，Domb感受到了熊猫联合繁殖计划的启发。说明他想养熊猫，肯定要种竹子。故选D。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Domb迫不及待地想告诉大家他是如何在2014年2月收到一对大熊猫“星辉”和“浩浩”的。A.bought买；B.protected保护；C.received接收；D.tracked跟踪。根据上句“inthatPairiDaizaisoneofthefewprivatezoosoutsideChinato　　　15　　giantpandas.”可知，现在，Domb想告诉大家，他是如何在2014年2月收到一对大熊猫的。故选C。【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大熊猫动物园是中国以外为数不多的饲养大熊猫的私人动物园之一，这种自豪感更加深刻。A.pride自豪；B.humour幽默；C.security安全；D.duty职责。根据上句“Now，Dombiseagertotellhowhe13apairofgiantpandas，XingHuiandHaoHaoinFebruary2014.”可知，现在，Domb迫不及待地想告诉大家，他是如何在2014年2月收到一对大熊猫----星辉和浩浩的。说明他非常自豪。故选A。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大熊猫动物园是中国以外为数不多的饲养大熊猫的私人动物园之一，这种自豪感更加深刻。A.hide躲藏；B.house容纳，饲养；C.train训练；D.save节省。这种自豪感更加深刻，因为PairiDaiza是中国以外为数不多的饲养大熊猫的私人动物园之一。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FrenchdisasterepicNotre-DameonFirehitsChinesebigscreenThisAprilmarksthe____56____(four)anniversaryofNotre-DameinParisbeingengulfedbythebiggestblazeinitshistoryNotreDameonFire,nowinChinesecinemas,isadisasterepic____57____veteranFrenchfilmmakerJean-JacquesAnnaud,whoalsohelmedWolfTotem(2015),adramafilm____58____(adapt)fromChinesewriterJiangRong’seponymousnovel.ThefilmmadeitsChinapremiereonApril6inBeijinginthepresenceofFrance’sMinisterofCultureRimaAbdulMalakandthedirector.Presentingablow-by-blowrecreationofthegrippingeventsthat____59____(happen)onApril15,2019whenthefireattheFrenchmedievalcatholiccathedralrockedFranceandshockedthewholeworld,Annaud’snewfilmhailstheheroicpeoplewhoputtheirliveson____60____linetoaccomplishtheawe-inspiringrescue.Annaudunveiledthefilmingdetailsofthefilmtotheaudience____61____(attend)theChinapremiere.“Itwasa____62____(danger)movie.Theactorswereactuallyveryclosetotheextremelyviolentfire,1,200-degreeFahrenheitfire.Thereareveryfewdigitalspecialeffects.Almostallofwhatyouhaveseenare____63____(identical)reconstructedsetsthatIsetonfire,”hesaid.“WhenIsawthismovieinParislastyear,ittookmeafewhours____64____Icouldbreatheandwalknormallyonthestreet,”saidMalakatthefilm’sChinapremiere.TheFrenchministerannouncedthat2024willbetheFrance-ChinaYearofCultureandTourismandsheinvitedChinesetouriststotraveltoFrancefortheoccasion,especiallytoseetheNotre-DamecathedralinParis,____65____,afteralmostsixyearsofextensiverenovations,isscheduledtoreopentothepublicinDecemberofthesameyear.【答案】56.fourth 57.by58.adapted59.happened60.the61.attending62.dangerous63.identically64.before65.which【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。今年4月是巴黎圣母院被历史上最大的大火吞没四周年，针对这一事件《着火的巴黎圣母院》被拍摄，真实地再现了当时的场景。【56题详解】考查序数词。句意：今年4月是巴黎圣母院被历史上最大的大火吞没四周年。根据句意以及空前的定冠词“the”可知，空处应为序数词。故填fourth。【57题详解】考查序数词。句意：《着火的巴黎圣母院》是一部灾难史诗，由法国资深电影制作人Jean-JacquesAnnaud执导，他还执导了改编自中国作家姜戎同名小说的剧情电影《狼图腾》(2015)。根据句意可知，《着火的巴黎圣母院》由法国资深电影制作人Jean-JacquesAnnaud执导，故应为介词by。故填by。【58题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《着火巴黎圣母院》是一部灾难史诗，由法国资深电影制作人Jean-JacquesAnnaud执导，他还执导了改编自中国作家姜戎同名小说的剧情电影《狼图腾》(2015)。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。且和“adramafilm”之间为动宾关系，故用done形式作定语。故填adapted。【59题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：2019年4月15日，法国中世纪天主教大教堂的大火震撼了法国，震惊了全世界，阿诺的新电影对发生在那里的扣人心弦的事件进行了详细的再现，称赞了那些冒着生命危险完成令人敬畏的救援的英雄们。分析句子成分可知，空处应为定语从句的谓语动词。照应时间状语“onApril15,2019”，应为一般过去时。且提示词“happen”为不及物动词，无被动。故填happened。【60题详解】考查冠词。句意：2019年4月15日，法国中世纪天主教大教堂的大火震撼了法国，震惊了全世界，阿诺的新电影对发生在那里的扣人心弦的事件进行了详细的再现，称赞了那些冒着生命危险完成令人敬畏的救援的英雄们。根据句意可知，应短语putone’slifeontheline，意为“冒着生命危险”。故填the。 【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿诺向参加中国首映的观众透露了这部电影的拍摄细节。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。且和“theaudience”之间为主动关系，故用doing形式作后置定语。故填attending。【62题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一部危险的电影。应用形容词作定语修饰名词“movie”。故填dangerous。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：你看到的几乎所有东西都是我放火烧过的完全一样的重建场景。应用副词修饰形容词“reconstructed”。故填identically。【64题详解】考查连词。句意：“当我去年在巴黎看这部电影时，我花了几个小时才能够呼吸，在街上正常行走，”马拉克在电影的中国首映式上说。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导时间状语从句的连词。且结合句意，应为词义为“在……之前；……才……”的连词。故填before。【65题详解】考查连词。句意：这位法国部长宣布，2024年将是法中文化旅游年，她邀请中国游客前往法国参加这个活动，特别是参观巴黎圣母院大教堂，该大教堂经过近六年的大规模翻新，计划于同年12月重新向公众开放。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“theNotre-Damecathedral”，在从句中充当主语。故填which。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假设你是张伟，你的英国笔友弗兰克(Frank)来信告诉你，他因长时间打游戏与父母发生了争吵，他现在很难过。请你根据以下要点及要求，给他写一封英文回信。写作要点：1.打游戏浪费时间，伤害眼睛，不利于学习；2.理解尊重父母，向父母道歉，与他们沟通；3.不打游戏，努力学习，帮父母做家务。写作要求：1.必须包括以上所有要点，并可适当发挥；2.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。DearFrank,I’vereceivedyourletterandIknowyouarguedwithyourparents. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pleasebehappyandeverythingwillbebetter.Yours,ZhangWei【答案】DearFrank,I’vereceivedyourletterandIknowyouarguedwithyourparents.Ithinkyourparentsarerightbecauseplayinggamesforalongtimewastesalotoftimeandit’sbadforyoureyesandstudy.Youshouldunderstandandrespectyourparentsandgetonwellwiththem.Inthisway,youcanbehappyandimproveyourselfquickly.Ialsothinkthatyoushouldmakeanapologytoyourparents,foryouhavemadethemverysadandangry.Don’tplaygamesanymore,studyhardandnevergiveup.Pleasebehappyandeverythingwillbebetter.Yours,ZhangWei【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的回信。要求考生给英国笔友写封回信，以帮助他解决和父母之间的矛盾。【详解】1.词汇积累对……有害：bebadfor→beharmfulto尊重：respect→showrespectfor高兴的：happy→delighted/glad道歉：makeanapology→apologize2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Ithinkyourparentsarerightbecauseplayinggamesforalongtimewastesalotoftimeandit’sbadforyoureyesandstudy.拓展句：Ithinkyourparentsarerightbecauseplayinggamesforalongtimewastesalotoftime,whichisbadforyoureyesandstudy.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ithinkyourparentsarerightbecauseplayinggamesforalongtimewastesalotoftimeandit’sbadforyoureyesandstudy.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】Ialsothinkthatyoushouldmakeanapologytoyourparents,foryouhavemadethemverysadandangry.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和for引导的原因状语从句）第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。JacobsatonthegrassoutsideGrandma’shouse.Heheldapieceofpaper.Hefoldedthepaperthiswayandmadeapoint.Thenhefoldeditthatwayandthiswayandmadewings.Jacobthrewhispaperairplanehighintotheair.Ittwisted(盘旋),turnedandfelltotheground.GrandmalookedupfromhergardeningasJacobfoldedanotherpieceofpaper.Hethrewthenewplaneintotheair.Itwentup,camedownandbouncedofftheground.“Youknow,”saidGrandma,“there’sasecretairportjustthroughthosetrees.Wanttosee?”“Anairport!”Jacobjumpedup.“Nearyourhouse?”JacobtookGrandma’shand,andtheyfollowedapaththroughthetrees.Theystoppedwhentheyreachedawideriver.Tik-tik-tik,tik-tik-tik,noisesfilledtheair.“Theairportsoundsbusytoday,”saidGrandma.Shepointedthroughthetrees.“Watchcarefully.”Jacoblookedacrosstheriver.Heonlysawtrees,noairplanes.Helookedintothesky.Heonlysawcloudsandsunshine.Raaaawnk!Alargegray-bluebirdwithwidewingsandlonglegsswooped(猛冲)down.Itlandedinatree,onsomesticksandbranches.Anest!Jacoblookedattheothertrees.Therewerenestsallaround!Anotherlargebirdswoopedoutfromthetrees,justasanewarrivalflewinandlanded.“Itisanairport,”saidJacob.“Abirdairport!”“Thosearegreatblueherons(鹭),”saidGrandma.“Seethebabychicks?”Jacobsawthreelittlechickssticktheirheadsoutofanest.Theystretchedouttheirneckstoreceivefoodfromtheirparent.“Theymightbehavingfishforlunch,”saidGrandma.Afterthemeal,theheronspreaditswingsandflewintotheair.Itflewslightlydownwardatfirst,andthenflewawaywithlargeandslowbeatsofitswings.“Thosearehugewings,”saidJacob.“Theyhelptheherontravelalongwaytofindfood,”saidGrandma.Jacobwatchedaheronflyin,withlonglegsstretchedtowardanestandwingsopenwide,actingasbrakes(刹车)foragentletouchdown.“They’regoodforlandingtoo,”saidJacobthoughtfully. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Backathome,JacobaskedGrandmaforhelptofindpaperplanedesignsonthecomputer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Ready?”Jacobhelduphisplane.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Backathome,JacobaskedGrandmaforhelptofindpaperplanedesignsonthecomputer.Herecalledtheshapeoftheheron’swingsanditspostureduringtakeoffandlanding.Hehadsomethingspecialinmind.Together,JacobandGrandmatriedanewdesign.Theyfoldedthepaperthiswayandthatway,carefullylininguptheedgesandmakingthemsharp.Thentheymadewidewingslikeaheron’sandbentthemslightlyupward.Soontheyheadedoutsidewithtwonewplanessetfortakeoff.“Ready?”Jacobhelduphisplane.“One.Two...,”hesaidandaimedcarefully.“Three!”Jacobandhisgrandmathrewtheirplanesintotheair.Theplanessoared,archedandlandedgentlyonthegrass.Jacobhadawidesmile.“Look,Grandma,ourplaneisalsoflyinglikethebigbirds,”hesaidasherantotheplanes.“Iwanttofoldalotoftheseplanes,sowewillhaveourownsecretairport!”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了雅各布坐在奶奶家外面的草地上，折了一个纸飞机，当他放飞飞机的时候，飞机总是飞不好，奶奶看到这些后，带着雅各布去看树林后的苍鹭，雅各布从苍鹭的飞行中受到了启发，于是回家去创作纸飞机的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“回到家，雅各布请奶奶帮忙在电脑上找到纸飞机的设计。”可知，第一段可描写雅各布和奶奶一起创作纸飞机的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容““准备好了吗？”雅各布举起他的飞机。”可知，第二段可描写雅各布和奶奶一起放飞创作的纸飞机的过程。2.续写线索：去博物馆——得到更高的估价——高兴地回家——引出价值和自我价值——父亲解释什么是价值和自我价值——感悟3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）行为类①回想起：recall/revive②尝试：try/attempt③扔：throw/chuck情绪类①灿烂的笑容：awidesmile/abrightsmile②小心翼翼地：carefully/gingerly【点睛】[高分句型1]Theyfoldedthepaperthiswayandthatway,carefullylininguptheedgesandmakingthemsharp.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Soontheyheadedoutsidewithtwonewplanessetfortakeoff.(运用了with复合结构)[高分句型3]Iwanttofoldalotoftheseplanes,sowewillhaveourownsecretairport!(运用了so引导的并列句)