山东省济南市章丘第四中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

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山东省章丘四中2022-2023学年度高一期末考英语试卷考试时间：120分钟;注意事项：1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷(选择题)一、听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchwillthewomanpayifshebuystwoskirts?A.$18.B.$19.C.$20.2.Whatwillthespeakersdiscussfirst?A.Areport.BAcomputer.C.Apop.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?AAchild.B.Aroom.C.Apresent.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisangrywiththeman.B.Shedoesn’tlikeherroommate.C.Sheisratherquiet.5.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthefourthfloor.C.Onthefifthfloor.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

1三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwasthewomandoingbeforeshewenthome?A.Typingareport.B.Rewritingareport.C.Reviewingareport.7.Wheredidthewomanhaveherdinner?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inheroffice.C.Athome.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanfeelsurprised?A.Thewomanhasgotanewjob.B.Thewomanwillworklate.C.Thewomandisagreeswithhim.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherdepartment?A.Thereisalackoftrust.B.Thereareseriousproblems.C.Thereistoomuchpressure.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Popularsportsevents.B.TVprogramspeoplelikebest.C.Thingspeopledoafterwork.11.Howdidthewomandotheresearch?A.Shetalkedtopeople.B.Shesentletterstopeople.C.Shegotinformationfrompapers.12.Whatdomostpeopledointheirsparetime?A.Gotomovies.B.Readbooks.C.WatchTV.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onthestreet.

214.WhydoesthewomanlikeSanFrancisco?A.Ithaslesstraffic.B.Ithasthebestfoodandmusic.C.Peopletherearefriendlier.15.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Pennsylvania.B.SanFrancisco.C.China.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sEnglish?A.Excellent.B.Acceptable.C.Strange.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmanypeoplearethereinthewoman’sfamily?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.18.Whatdidthechildrenthinkabouthavingdinnertogetherathome?A.Theythoughtitwasfunny.B.Theydislikedtheideaatfirst.C.Theylikedeatingwithfriends.19.Howoftendidthefamilyfinallydecidetohavemealstogether?A.EverySunday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.20.Whofinallysetthetimeforthesefamilydinners?A.Thechildren.B.Thefather.C.Thewomanspeaker.二、阅读理解(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ATheworldisfullofbeautyineverycorner.Herearefourworld’stopbreathtakingandbeautifultravellingdestinations(目的地)foryoutopayavisitto.DominicaDominicaisknownas“natureisland”forareason.ThistinyCaribbeanstate,focusesonhotspringsandlong-distancewalkingintherainforestratherthanplayingonthebeach.BoilingLake,intheMorneTroisPitonsNationalPark,canbereachedbymountainouspaths,abodyofwaterthatiswellworthavisit.LakeBled,SloveniaLakeBledisoneofthelargestfreshwaterlakesonEarth.Atitscenterliesasmallisland,surroundedbydeepbluewater.It’snosurprisethatLakeBledhasdevelopedintooneofthehottestdestinationsinEuropeinrecentyears.Suitableforwalkinganddiving(潜水)adventures,thisisacornerofSloveniathatneedstobeexplored.

3Samburu,KenyaAsahard-to-reachplaceintheheartofKenya,Samburuprovidesaquietandsafeenvironment,whichisgoodenoughforsomeofAfrica’smostuniquewildlifetolivein.Therichgrasslandofitsnationalnatureprotectionareaishometotheendangeredgiraffe,aswellasthepioneeringElephantWatchCamp.Positano,ItalyLocatedonItaly’sAmalfiCoast,PositanoisoneofthemostbeautifulvillagesinEurope.Famousforitsspecialsmallgiftshopsandwatersiderestaurants,nottomentiontheByzantineChurch(教堂),itmakesfortheperfectsummergetaway.Fordivers,withitscolorfulplantsandfish,it’sareallyperfectplace.Makesuretoseeitsfullformbytakingaboatoutfromthebeachforexcellentsunsetviews.1.WhatcanatouristdoinDominica?A.Explorethenatureprotectionarea.B.Relaxthemselvesathotsprings.C.Goshoppingatthegiftshops.D.Walkonthegrasslandfreely.2.Whichisprobablythebestplaceifyou’reinterestedinAfricananimals?A.Dominica.B.LakeBled.C.Samburu.D.Positano.3.WhatdoLakeBledandPositanohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothrichinfreshwater.B.Theyarebothgreatplacestogodiving.C.Touristscanenjoythebeautifulsunset.D.Touristscanvisittheuniquelocalchurch.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个世界上最令人惊叹和美丽的旅游目的地的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Dominica部分的“ThistinyCaribbeanstate,focusesonhotspringsandlong-distancewalkingintherainforestratherthanplayingonthebeach.(这个加勒比海小国的特色是温泉和热带雨林中的长距离散步，而不是在海滩上玩耍。)”可知，游客在Dominica可以泡温泉放松自己。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Samburu,Kenya部分的“whichisgoodenoughforsomeofAfrica’smostuniquewildlifetolivein.Therichgrasslandofitsnationalnatureprotectionareaishometotheendangeredgiraffe,aswellasthepioneeringElephantWatchCamp.(这足以让非洲一些最独特的野生动物生活在其中。国家级自然保护区丰富的草原是濒危长颈鹿的家园，也是ElephantWatchCamp的所在地。)”可知，如果你对非洲动物感兴趣，Samburu是最好的地方，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LakeBled,Slovenia部分的“Suitableforwalkinganddivingadventures,thisisacornerofSloveniathatneedstobeexplored.(适合步行和潜水冒险，这是Slovenia的一个角落，需要探索。)”和Positano,Italy部分的“Fordivers,withitscolorfulplantsandfish,it’sareallyperfectplace.(对潜水者来说，这里有五颜六色的植物和鱼类，真是个完美的地方。)”可知，LakeBled和Positano都是潜水的好地方，故选B。B

4Howwouldyougowithoutyoursmartphone?Formanyofus,oursmartphoneisthefirstandlastthingwelookateveryday.Wedependonittoperformanumberoftasksandconnectwithourfriendsandfamily.Buthavewebecomeaddictedtoourphones?Certainly,theinventorofthefirstmobilephone.AmericanengineerMartinCooper,thinkswemightbe.InaBBCinterview,hesuggestedpeoplequitscrolling(刷屏)and“getalife”.Butofcourse,oncewestartscrollingorwatchingvideos,wejustcan’tkickthehabit.PsychologistJeanTwengesayswefeelregretfor“checkingourphoneagainandagainifwe’rewaitingforatextorgettingreallyintosocialmediathenkindof,lookingupandrealisingthatanhourhaspassed.”Butdoesitmatterifwemakethemostofthistechnology?Possibly,becauselikemedicine,theproblemappearswhenitiswithdrawn.AstudyfromKing’sCollegeLondonfoundyoungpeoplecouldn’tcontroltheamountoftimetheyspendontheirphone.Suchbehaviourmeansthatpeoplebecome“anxious”or“upset”iftheyarenotallowedtobeonthephonecontinuously,whichcancauseanxietyandmentalhealthproblems.Interestingly,anotherstudybytheLondonSchoolofEconomicsSciencesuggestswedon’tjustlookatourphoneswhenwereceivetextoremailmessages.Thepeopletheystudiedfeltanautomatical(自动的)needtochecktheirphone,justasasmokerwouldlightacigarette.Onesolutioncouldbeanappthatrewards(奖励)studentsfortimespentawayfromtheirphones.Anotherchoiceischangingyoursmartphonetoadumbphonethathasnoneofthethingsthatturnyourattentionaway.Butmainly,perhaps,wejustneedtolookupmoreandreconnectwiththerealworld!4.WhatisMartinCooper’sattitudetofocusingonsmartphones?A.Uncaring.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Unacceptable.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“withdrawn”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Stopped.B.Increased.C.Offered.D.Saved.6.Whatistheauthor’skeysuggestioninthelastparagraph?A.Concentrateonstudies.B.Getarewardforofflinetime.C.Buyanewsmartphone.D.Contactwiththerealworld.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BenefitsfromSmartphonesB.AddictiontoSmartphonesC.DevelopmentofSmartphonesD.DisadvantagesofSmartphones【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B

5【解析】【导语】本文是篇议论文。智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的部分，很多人也都形成了手机依赖症。文章讲述了手机依赖症的特点及产生的问题，并希望人们能够多点时间放下手机，投入到现实世界中来。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“InaBBCinterview,hesuggestedpeoplequitscrolling(刷屏)and“getalife”.(在接受BBC采访时，他建议人们不要再刷手机了，要“享受生活”)”可推知，MartinCooper不支持人们天天刷手机。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Suchbehaviourmeansthatpeoplebecome“anxious”or“upset”iftheyarenotallowedtobeonthephonecontinuously,whichcancauseanxietyandmentalhealthproblems.(这种行为意味着，如果不允许人们持续打电话，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题)”可知，划线词所在句意为“有可能，因为就像药物一样，当它被停用时，问题就出现了”，也就是说手机就和药物一样，一直吃药会产生依赖，但一旦停药，身体就会出问题。由此推知，划线词withdrawn与stopped意思接近。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butmainly,perhaps,wejustneedtolookupmoreandreconnectwiththerealworld!(但最主要的，也许我们只是需要抬头，重新连接到现实世界！)”可知，与现实世界的接触是作者在最后一段的关键建议。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。第一段“Buthavewebecomeaddictedtoourphones?(但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？)”提出了文章的主题，下文对这一主题展开了描述，提出了人们对手机上瘾的症状和产生的问题，最后对此提出了建议。由此可知，B.AddictiontoSmartphones(智能手机成瘾)适合作本文标题。故选B。CInthe2010s,34-year-oldBrianneMillertravelledaroundtheworldandmadeasurprisingdiscovery:largeamountsofplasticlitteringthewateranddoingharmtosealife.Millerknewsheneededtodosomething.Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear.GroupslikeAGreenerFuture,whichorganizelitterclean-upsacrossCanada,thinkthat33%ofwhattheypickupcomesfromfoodpackaging.Aboutonethirdoffoodproducedworldwidegoestowastetoo,accordingtoaUNstudy.Millerdecidedtosolvetheproblematthesource,imaginingashopwherebothwastefulpackagingandthebadhabitofwastingfoodnolongerexisted.InJune2018,sheopenedherfirstzero-wastestoreinCanada.ShenameditNada.Customerscanbringtheirowncontainers(容器),thoughit’snotnecessary:bythefrontdoorarequarrelsdon’tgothatfar.Thesedays,especiallyincities,manypeopleliveinbuildings.Ourneighboursareallaroundus—sowhatproblemscancomefromthat?Thefirstobviouscauseofarguementisnoisepollution.Loudnoisethroughthewalls,construction(施工),orpeoplearguingnextdoorcandisturbthesilenceofyourlivingspace.Askingsomeonedirectlytoturnthemusic

6downcancauseyoutofeelanxious.However,ifyougetsomeonelikeabuildingmanagertospeaktoyourneighbour,itcanmakethingsmoreawkwardbecauseyoudidn’tspeaktoyourneighbourdirectly.Andthenwhataboutsmells?Ifyourneighbourlikeseatingfoodwithpungent(刺激的)smells,andthesmellsflowthroughyourwindow,whatcanyoudo?Therearesomeothercommonproblems,suchaswaterrunningthroughthewall,petsmakingnoise,andlitteringfromthewindowaboveyou.Thesecanbringangerovertime.It’snoteasylivingnextdoortosomeone,especiallyifthey’renoisy.Buthavingaclearandhonestconversationmighthelp.Also,trythinkingifwhatyouaredoingcouldmakeyourneighboursangry.Ifit’ssomethingthatwouldmakeyoufeelbad,maybethinkagain.8.Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinparagraph2?A.Topresentafact.B.Toprovideanexample.C.Toexplainatopic.D.Tomakeacomparison.9.Whatareyouadvisedtodoifaneighbormakestoomuchnoise?ATurntothepolice.B.Talktotheneighbordirectly.C.Quarrelwiththeneighbor.D.Askthebuildingmanagerforhelp.10.Whatcanweinferaboutaneighbor’spungentfoodsmells?A.Theyprovideyoupleasure.B.Theyopenyourimagination.C.They’reyourneighbor’sfavorites.D.Theymakeyouuncomfortable.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtomakeaneighborhappy.B.Howtodealwithanoisyneighbour.C.Howtocommunicatewithaneighbour.D.Howtogetalongwellwithaneighbour.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了34岁的BrianneMiller在发现大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，对海洋生物造成危害。她决定做一些事来保护环境。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear.GroupslikeAGreenerFuture,whichorganizelitterclean-upsacrossCanada,thinkthat33%ofwhattheypickupcomesfromfoodpackaging.Aboutonethirdoffoodproducedworldwidegoestowastetoo,accordingtoaUNstudy.”（加拿大每年扔掉三百万吨塑料垃圾。像“绿色未来”这样的组织，在加拿大组织垃圾清理，他们认为33%

7的垃圾来自食品包装。根据联合国的一项研究，全世界大约有三分之一的食物被浪费掉了。）可推知，作者通过列举数字来表明人们对环境的破坏程度的事实，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“It’snoteasylivingnextdoortosomeone,especiallyifthey’renoisy.Buthavingaclearandhonestconversationmighthelp.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。）可知，当你的邻居很吵的时候，和邻居有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Ifyourneighbourlikeseatingfoodwithpungent(刺激的)smells,andthesmellsflowthroughyourwindow,whatcanyoudo?”（如果你的邻居喜欢吃有刺激性气味的食物，而气味从你的窗户飘进来，你该怎么办？）及最后一句“Thesecanbringangerovertime.”（随着时间的推移，这些会带来愤怒。）可推知，当邻居家的刺激性食物的味道从窗户进入到我们家里，时间久了，会让我们感到愤怒，即会让我们感到不舒适。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It’snoteasylivingnextdoortosomeone,especiallyifthey’renoisy.Buthavingaclearandhonestconversationmighthelp.Also,trythinkingifwhatyouaredoingcouldmakeyourneighboursangry.Ifit’ssomethingthatwouldmakeyoufeelbad,maybethinkagain.”（住在别人隔壁很不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是有一个清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。还有，试着想想你的所作所为是否会让你的邻居生气。如果是让你感觉不好的事情，也许再想想。）可知，本段讲到了我们在和邻居相处的时候，可以换位思考，这样就能和邻居很好的相处。可推知，本段主要讲述了如何和邻居相处。故选D。DWorldFirstAidDayisaglobalobservancethatisheldeveryyearonthesecondSaturdayinSeptembertomakepeoplelearnabouthowfirstaidcansavelives.Itwasintroducedintheyear2000bytheInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocieties(IFRC)andhasbeencelebratedeachyeareversince.Around100RedCrossandRedCrescentSocietiesorganizeceremoniesandeventsonthisdayeveryyear.Thethemethisyearis“FirstResponsetoRoadCrashes”tofocusontheimportanceofgivingfirstaidtosavethelivesofpeopleinvolvedinroadtrafficaccidents.Worldwide,about2millionpeoplearekilledand50millionareinjuredinroadcrasheseachyear;roadaccidentsaretheprimaryreasonfordeathamongyoungpeopleaged15to29,giventhat49%ofdeathsarepedestrians(行人).Formotorcyclists,wearingamotorcyclehelmetcanreducetheriskofdeathintheeventofacrash(byupto40%)andthechanceofaseriousinjury(byupto70%).Seatbeltsreducetheriskofdeathby45%to50%forfront-seatpassengersandupto75%forrear-seatpassengers.Lackofoxygen(orhypoxia)isoneofthemostcommoncausesofdeathamongtrafficaccidentvictims.Roadaccidentsrightnowrankasthe9thleadingcauseofdeathandareexpectedtoclimbuptothe7thpositionby2030.Torespondtothethemeof“FirstResponsetoRoadCrashes”,theIFRChasatoolkit(软件包)ontheirwebsitethatconsistsofaninteractivequiz,posters,andlearningmaterialonfirstaidinresponsetoaroadcrash.Thelearningmaterialliststhe“Top10Prevention/SimpleActionstohelpavoidacarcrash”andthe“Top10Action/FirstAidactionsincaseoftheroadaccident”.Theinteractivequizevaluates(评估)yourbehaviourontheroad.

8Itisvitalthateveryonefollowssimpleruleslikerespectingotherpeopleandtrafficregulations,fasteningseatbelts,wearinghelmetsandhigh-visibilityprotectiveclothing.Allthesecanpreventroadcrashes.Formoreinformationpleaseclickhere.12.WhatcanweknowaboutWorldFirstAidDay?A.ItwasfoundedbyIFRC.B.Ithasahistoryof30years.C.Itiscelebratedonthesamedayeachyear.D.Itmainlyaimstoreducethetrafficaccidents.13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Someadviceonsafedriving.B.Dangerofbreakingtrafficrules.C.Somefactsaboutroadaccidents.D.First-aidtipsforroadcrashes.14.Whatcanyoudowiththetoolkit?A.Assessyourcarconditions.B.Finishaquiztowinawards.C.Designpostersaboutfirstaid.D.Testyourknowledgeoffirstaid.15.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Inanewspaper.B.OntheInternet.C.Inamagazine.D.Inatextbook.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界急救日的相关情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Itwasintroducedintheyear2000bytheInternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentSocieties(IFRC)andhasbeencelebratedeachyeareversince.(它于2000年由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会（IFRC）推出，此后每年都会举行庆祝活动)”可知，世界急救日是由红十字会与红新月会国际联合会创立的。故选A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Worldwide,about2millionpeoplearekilledand50millionareinjuredinroadcrasheseachyear;roadaccidentsaretheprimaryreasonfordeathamongyoungpeopleaged15to29,giventhat49%ofdeathsarepedestrians(行人).(全世界每年约有200万人死于车祸，5000万人受伤；道路事故是15至29岁年轻人死亡的主要原因，因为49%的死亡是行人)”及下文中介绍每年道路交通事故造成的伤亡，降低死亡率的安全措施等可知，本段介绍了有关道路交通事故的一些事实。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Torespondtothethemeof“FirstResponsetoRoadCrashes”,theIFRChasatoolkit(软件包)ontheirwebsitethatconsistsofaninteractivequiz,posters,andlearningmaterialonfirstaidinresponsetoaroadcrash.(为了响应“对道路交通事故的第一反应”这一主题，红十字与红新月联会在其网站上设置了一个软件包，包括一个互动测验、海报和关于道路交通事故急救的学习材料)”可知，软件包可以帮助检测你在急救方面的知识。故选D。【15题详解】

9推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段最后一句“Formoreinformationpleaseclickhere.(有关更多信息，请单击此处)”可推知，文本很可能出现在互联网上。故选B。三、七选五(共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Whatisthebestsleeppositionforyourhealth?It’sdifficulttocontrolwhatsleepingpositionwenaturallyfallinto,asourbodywillsubconsciouslyfallintothemostcomfortablepositionforus.However,somepositionsarebetterforyouthanothersandsomecouldholdbackyourhealthandwellbeing.____16____IfyousleeponyoursideMorethan60percentofpeoplesleepontheirside.Oftenourbodynaturallymovestothisposition,whichislinkedtowhenwewereinthewombinthefoetal(胎儿的)position.____17____Itoffersanumberofbenefitstoyourbody,frompromotinghealthyspinealignment(脊椎对齐)whichcanhelptopreventbackpaintoreducingheartburnandsnoring(打鼾).IfyousleeponyourbackLyingonyourbackisthesecondmostpopularsleepingpositionandoffersjustasmanybenefitsassidesleeping.Whenyou’resleepingonyourback,it’seasytokeepalignmentandtoalsoevenlydistributeyourweight.____18____IfyousleeponyourstomachSleepingonyourstomachistheleastcommonsleepingposition.____19____Andthosewhosleepontheirstomachcouldputthemselvesatriskofalessrestfulnight’ssleep.Thestomachofferstheleastamountofbacksupportandcanincreasepressureonthespinewhichmaycausepainonceyouwakeup.____20____Youshouldconsidervariousfactorssuchasifyousnoreorsuffersleepproblems,orifyouoftenhavebackandneckpain.Sidesleepinghasbeennotedasthebestpositionforthebody,sothisisprobablyonetotryandgetintothehabitoftrying,butagain,italldependsonyou.A.Thisalsohelpstopreventanyneckandbackpain.B.Sleepingonyoursideisprobablythebestposition.C.Sidesleepingwouldbeparticularlybeneficialforolderpeople.D.Therearemorenegativestothispositioncomparedtopositives.E.Determiningthesleepingpositionforyouispersonalpreference.F.Here,thisarticlerevealsexactlyhowyoursleeppositionisaffectingyourhealth.G.Thisismostlylikelybecauseitisoneofthemostcomfortablesleepingpositions.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几种睡姿对人健康的影响。【16题详解】由下文小标题“Ifyousleeponyourside(如果你侧卧着睡觉)”,“Ifyousleeponyourback(如果你仰卧着睡觉)”和“Ifyousleeponyourstomach(如果你趴着睡觉)”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here,thisarticlerevealsexactlyhowyoursleeppositionisaffectingyourhealth.(在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿势是如何影响你的健康的。)符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep

10position和下文小标题。故选F项。【17题详解】由下文“Itoffersanumberofbenefitstoyourbody,frompromotinghealthyspinealignment(脊椎对齐)whichcanhelptopreventbackpaintoreducingheartburnandsnoring(打鼾).(它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。)”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleepingonyoursideisprobablythebestposition.(侧卧可能是最好的姿势。)符合语境，其中Sleepingonyourside与小标题Ifyousleeponyourside对应，thebestposition和后文anumberofbenefits对应。故选B项。【18题详解】由上文“Whenyou’resleepingonyourback,it’seasytokeepalignmentandtoalsoevenlydistributeyourweight.(当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。)”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉的一个好处，而A项Thisalsohelpstopreventanyneckandbackpain.(这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。)符合语境，This代指前面sleepingonyourback，also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上作用。故选A项。【19题详解】由下文“Andthosewhosleepontheirstomachcouldputthemselvesatriskofalessrestfulnight’ssleep.(而那些趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。)”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项Therearemorenegativestothispositioncomparedtopositives.(与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。)符合语境，其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。【20题详解】由后文“Youshouldconsidervariousfactorssuchasifyousnoreorsuffersleepproblems,orifyouoftenhavebackandneckpain.Sidesleepinghasbeennotedasthebestpositionforthebody,sothisisprobablyonetotryandgetintothehabitoftrying,butagain,italldependsonyou.(你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。)”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determiningthesleepingpositionforyouispersonalpreference.(确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。)符合语境，其中Determiningthesleepingposition和后文italldependsonyou对应。故选E项。四、完形填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)ManypoorchildreninAfricastruggleontuitionforaneducation.However,anewschoolhasbeenaskingtheirpupilstopayforclasseswith____21____.Everyweek,students____22____theAksharSchoolarerequiredtolineupand“pay”fortheirclassesusinggrocerybags____23____atleast25piecesofplasticwastethey____24____fromaroundtheirhomesandcommunities.ParmitaandMazin,thecouple____25____forthenewschool,were____26____tolaunchthecampaignafterwitnessingtheirstudentsbeingforcedto____27____theacridsmellofburningplastic.That’s____28____beforetheschoolwasopenedin2016,localfamiliesandcommunities____29____burnedplasticwasteasameansof

11keepingwarmandfuelingfires.Now,theplasticisbeingcollectedandrecycledattheschool’sownrecyclingcenter.Theschool_____30_____thetrashintoEcobricksbycompressing(压缩)about40piecesofgarbageintoa(n)_____31_____plasticbottle.Furthermore,theschool’solderstudentscanworkpart-timeatthecenterasanadditionalsourceof_____32_____.Nowtheschoolownsover100students_____33_____theagesof4and15.Sincetheschool’s_____34_____curriculumhasattractedmoreandmore_____35_____toenroll,thecoupleplanonopeninganother100schoolsoverthenextfiveyears.21.A.workinghoursB.farmproductsC.plasticwasteD.burnedtrash22.A.leavingB.attendingC.finishingD.damaging23.A.takinginB.spreadingoutC.attachedtoD.filledwith24.A.collectedB.borrowedC.exploredD.counted25.A.anxiousB.gratefulC.responsibleD.qualified26.A.changedB.inspiredC.prohibitedD.recommended27.A.standB.enjoyC.observeD.control28.A.asifB.althoughC.becauseD.incase29.A.consequentlyB.obviouslyC.eventuallyD.commonly30.A.buriesB.removesC.throwsD.recycles31.A.singleB.straightC.largeD.twisted32.A.incomeB.creditsC.scoresD.trash33.A.ofB.atC.betweenD.from34.A.efficientB.creativeC.skillfulD.respected35.A.teachersB.beggarsC.partnersD.students【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.D31.A32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妇开了一所学校，让学生用捡来的塑料废品来抵消学费，从而为保护环境作出了贡献。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一所新学校要求学生用塑料垃圾支付学费。A.workinghours工作时间；B.farmproducts农产品；C.plasticwaste塑料废物；D.burnedtrash焚烧垃圾。根据“and“pay”fortheirclassesusinggrocerybags____3____atleast25piecesofplasticwaste”可知，学生可以通过捡塑料废品并将其上交这种方式来支付学费。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A.leaving离开；B.attending上（学），出席；C.finishing完成；D.damaging损害。根据“theAksharSchool

12”可知，来学校上学的学生都排着队，用捡来的塑料废品“支付”学费。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A.takingin吸收；B.spreadingout传播开；C.attachedto附在……上；D.filledwith装满。根据“atleast25piecesofplasticwaste””可知，袋子里装满了塑料废品。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A.collected收集；B.borrowed借来；C.explored探索；D.counted计算。根据“fromaroundtheirhomesandcommunities.”可知，学生应从家和社区周边收集至少25份塑料废品。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A.anxious焦急的；B.grateful感激的；C.responsible负责的，有责任的；D.qualified有资格的。根据“were____6____tolaunchthecampaignafterwitnessingtheirstudentsbeingforcedto____7____theacridsmellofburningplastic.”可知，这所学校是由一对夫妇负责的。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A.changed改变；B.inspired启发；C.prohibited禁止；D.recommended建议。根据“afterwitnessingtheirstudentsbeingforcedto____7____theacridsmellofburningplastic.”可知，这对夫妇在目睹了学生被迫闻烧焦塑料的刺鼻气味后受到启发，想建立一个用塑料垃圾支付学费的学校。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A.stand忍受；B.enjoy喜欢；C.observe观察；D.control控制。根据“theacridsmellofburningplastic.”可知，孩子们要忍受焚烧塑料所带来的刺鼻气味。故选A。【28题详解】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A.asif好像；B.although尽管；C.because因为；D.incase以防。根据“andcommunities____9____burnedplasticwasteasameansofkeepingwarmandfuelingfires.”可知，学生被迫闻刺鼻气味是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A.consequently因此；B.obviously显然；C.eventually最终；D.commonly

13通常地。根据“burnedplasticwasteasameansofkeepingwarmandfuelingfires.”可知，这是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A.buries埋葬；B.removes消除；C.throws扔；D.recycles回收。根据“Now,theplasticisbeingcollectedandrecycledattheschool’sownrecyclingcenter.”可知，学校收集完学生带来的垃圾后，再把垃圾进行处理回收。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A.single单一；B.straight直的；C.large大的；D.twisted扭曲的。根据“Theschool____10____thetrashintoEcobricksbycompressing(压缩)about40piecesofgarbage”可知，在被加工的塑料废品中，每40份废品可以做成一个塑料瓶。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，学校的高年级学生可以在该中心做兼职工作，作为额外的收入来源。A.income收入；B.credits信用；C.scores得分；D.trash废物。根据“Furthermore,theschool’solderstudentscanworkpart-timeatthecenter”可知，年纪大些的学生可以在可回收中心做兼职赚钱，将此作为额外收入。故选A。【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在学校有100多名4到15岁的学生。A.of关于；B.at在；C.between在……之间；D.from来自。between...and...为固定用法，意为“在……和……之间”。根据“Nowtheschoolownsover100students”可知，此处指现在这所学校有100多名学生，学生的年龄在4岁到15岁之间。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A.efficient效率高的；B.creative创新的；C.skillful熟练的；D.respected尊敬的。根据语境可知，学校有很多创新课程。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内再开设100所学校。A.teachers老师；B.beggars乞丐；C.partners父母；D.students学生。根据“Sincetheschool’s____14____curriculumhasattractedmore”可知，学校的创新课程吸引着越来越多的学生。故选D。五、语法填空(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IntheheartofmodernBeijingistheForbiddenCity.ItservedasthepoliticalcenterofancientChinabetween1420and1912andnowitis____36____worldfamousmuseum.TheForbiddenCity____37____(build)byEmperorYongle,thethirdMingruler,____38____movedthe

14capitalfromNanjingtoBeijngin1403.Sourcessayittookamillion____39____(worker)tobuilditbetween1406and1420.LegendhasitthattheForbiddenCitywasredesignedtohave9,9991/2rooms.Halfaroomismissingtoavoid____40____(upset)theGodofHeaven.ThemaincolorsoftheForbiddenCityareyellowandred.Thewalls,doors,andwindowswere____41____(most)paintedinred,asymbolof____42____(happy)inChineseculture.TheEnglishname“ForbiddenCity”isatranslationoftheChinesenameZijincheng.Inthepast,itwasforbiddentoordinarypeopleandthatis____43____theForbiddenCityissonamed.AftertheQingDynasty,itwasmadea____44____(nation)museum-thePalaceMuseumandwasopentothepublic.Asoneoftheworld’slargestculturalmuseums,thePalaceMuseumholdsmorethanamillionrareandvaluableworksofart.Sodofindachance_____45_____(visit)itsomeday!【答案】36.a37.wasbuilt38.who39.workers40.upsetting41.mostly42.happiness43.why44.national45.tovisit【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了紫禁城的相关情况，比如由谁建立、怎么得到这个英文名称等。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：在1420至1912年间，它都是古代中国的政治中心，现在它是一个全世界闻名的博物馆。分析句意可知，空格处填写冠词a，表示数量“一个”著名博物馆。故填a。【37题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词build“建立”与主语TheForbiddenCity“紫禁城”构成被动关系，且为过去发生的事，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasbuilt。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处需填写连词连接非限定性定语从句，因为先行词为人EmperorYongle“永乐大帝”，且在从句中作主语，故使用关系代词who。故填who。【39题详解】考查名词复数。句意：资料称1406至1420年间，上百万工人被用来修筑紫禁城。分析句意可知，此处worker“工人”前有量词amillion“一百万”修饰，故应该使用复数形式。故填workers。【40题详解】考查动名词。句意：为了避免上天生气，一半的房子消失了。分析句意可知，avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，故此处需要使用upset“使生气”的动名词形式。故填upsetting。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处most“大多数的”需改为副词形式mostly，修饰动词painted“涂”。故填mostly。

15【42题详解】考查名词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处形容词happy“开心的”需要改为名词happiness“幸福”在句中作介词of的宾语。故填happiness。【43题详解】考查连词。过去，紫禁城不对普通大众开放，这就是为什么它被命名为“theforbiddencity（被禁止的诚市）”。分析句意可知，空格处填写连词连接表语从句，且连词在表语从句中作原因状语，使用why符合语境。故填why。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：清朝之后，它被作为一个国家博物馆-故宫博物馆，对公众开放。分析句意可知，此处名词nation“国家”需要改为形容词national，作定语修饰museum“博物馆”。故填national。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：所以哪天一定要找一个机会来参观一下！分析句意可知，此处achance抽象名词，后常接不定式作后置定语，故visit“参观”应该使用不定式。故填tovisit。六、根据汉语意思或首写字母填写单词(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)46.InthefilmTheBattleatlakeChangin,QianliWus____________thewarfortunately,butmanyofhisfriendsdiedofhungerandcoldness.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】survived/urvived【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在电影《长津湖》里，伍千里幸运地在战争里幸存下来，但是他的许多朋友死于了饥饿和寒冷。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词survive，不及物动词，需用主动语态，作谓语动词，由diedof可知，整句谓语为一般过去时。故填survived。47.Afteralongperiodrunningtest,thecontrolsystem________(运转)wellandrunsstablyandreliably.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】functions##operates##works##runs【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：经过长时间的运行测试，控制系统功能良好，运行稳定可靠。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据汉语提示“运转”，结合后面动词runs，可知，为一般现在时，functions/operates/works/runs运转，符合题意。故填functions/operates/works/runs。48.F________bysmokeandnoise,thechildhidesunderabedandislaterfounddead.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Frightened##rightened【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于害怕烟雾和噪音，孩子躲在床底下，后来发现他死了。befrightenedby被……吓坏，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Frightened。49.Newresearchdatafromearthquakezonesishelpingarchitectstodesignsaferbuildingsthatwillnotbed________duringanearthquake.(根据首字母单词拼写)

16【答案】destroyed##estroyed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：来自地震灾区的新研究数据正在帮助建筑师设计更安全的建筑，使其在地震中不会被摧毁。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“摧毁”应用动词destroy，由willnotbe和句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰buildings，所以that代指buildings，且buildings和动词destroy是被动关系，应用过去分词形式destroyed和willnotbe构成一般将来时的被动的否定，故填destroyed。50.Themoneywascollectedfora______(具体的)purpose.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】specific【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这笔钱是为一个特定的（具体的）目的而筹集的。此处应填形容词修饰名词purpose（目的），再结合汉语提示可知是specific（具体的，特定的，明确的），故填specific。51.Theyhadto______(斗争)againstallkindsofdifficulties.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】struggle【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他们不得不与各种各样的困难作斗争。根据汉语意思“斗争”以及上文hadto可知应填动词原形struggle“斗争”。故填struggle。52.D_____thecoldweather,wehadahappyweekend.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】Despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管天气很冷，我们周末过的很愉快。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是despite“尽管”，故填Despite。53.Frenchisnothisn_____tonguethoughhecanspeakitfluently.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】native【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他能说得很流利，但法语不是他的母语。此处处应填形容词修饰名词tongue，再根据句意中的转折进行推断（说得流利但不是母语），并结合首字母提示可推出是native（本国的，本地的，土著的），nativetongue是固定搭配，意为“母语”，故填native。54.Womeninourcountryenjoye_____rightswithmen.（根据首字母填空）【答案】equal##qual【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们国家的女性享有和男性平等的权利。此处应填形容词，修饰名词rights，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是equal“平等的”。故填equal。55.Thereportseekstor_____theriseincrimetoanincreaseinunemployment.（根据首字母填空）【答案】relate##elate【解析】

17【详解】考查动词。句意：该报告试图将犯罪率的上升与失业率的上升联系起来。结合句意和首字母以及和后面to搭配，可推出填relate。短语relate…to…表“把...与...联系起来”，又因seekto后用动词原形。故填relate。七、写作(满分15分)56.你校英文报社举办征文比赛，要求以“Myhappyfamily”为主题写一则小故事，描述自己的家庭。请按要求投稿，内容如下：1.描述一件你和家人的美好往事；2.阐述令你印象深刻的原因。注意：写作词数应为80左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.Welivehappilytogether.Therearemanythingsoccurringaroundus,creatingmanywonderfulandlovingmomentsinmymemory.Lastweekend,myparentsandIcelebratedmygrandpa’sbirthdayhappily.Ontheearlymorningofthebigday,mygrandpaandIsetoutforthepark.Consideringhisage,Iaccompaniedhimtothetopofthemountainbycablecar.Enjoyingthebeautifulscenery,wecouldn’thelptakinglotsofphotos.Whenwecamebackhomeatnoon,myparentshadalreadypreparedabiglunchforus.Allmyfamilyenjoyedthemealhappily.Seeingthesmilesonmygrandpa’sface,Iwasgladandproudtohavedonesomethingtoshowmylovetohim.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文。要求考生以“Myhappyfamily”为主题写一则描述自己的家庭的小故事，内容包括描述一件自己和家人的美好往事并阐述令自己印象深刻的原因。【详解】1.词汇积累庆祝：celebrate→observe出发；动身：setoutfor→setofffor考虑到：considering→given开心地：happily→heartily2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Seeingthesmilesonmygrandpa’sfaces,Iwasgladandproudtohavedonesomethingtoshowmylovetothem.拓展句：WhenIsawthesmilesonmygrandpa’sfaces,Iwasgladandproudtohavedonesomethingtoshowmylovetohim.【点睛】【高分句型1】Enjoyingthebeautifulscenery,wecouldn’thelptakinglotsofphotos.(

18运用了现在分词短语作状语)【高分句型2】Whenwecamebackhomeatnoon,myparentshadalreadypreparedabiglunchforus.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)