最新[工学]Lesson-2专业英语教学讲义PPT课件.ppt

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1、[工学]Lesson-2专业英语Contents无机化合物命名InorganicChemicalNomenclatureUnit3逐步聚合反应Step-GrowthPolymerization2021/9/8无机化合物命名（InorganicChemicalNomenclature）1、元素命名（元素周期表）(PeriodicalTable)2021/9/8Forthenamingofcompoundsofmetals(oxides,hydroxidesandsalts)inwhichthemetal

2、mayexhibitmorethanoneoxidationstate:TheoxidationstateofthemetalisshownbyaRomannumeralinpa’renthesesimmediatelyfollowingtheEnglishnameofthemetalwhichcorrespondstoitsoxidationnumber.•Nonumeralisusedifthemetalhasonlyonecommonoxidationnumbere.g.NaCl:sodiumc

3、hloride;Al(OH)3:aluminumhydroxideFeBr2:iron(II)bromide;Cr2(SO4)3:chromium(III)sulfate2021/9/8如果不用罗马数字表明其价态，也可用离子的名称表示e.g.FeCl2:ferrouschloride(iron(II)chloride)FeCl3:ferricchloride(iron(III)chloride)2021/9/8SomeCommonIons（共离子）(Cation)2021/9/8SomeCommonI

4、ons(Anion)2021/9/8NamingnonmetaloxidesUsingtheGreekprefixesforboththenumberofoxygenatomandthatoftheotherelementinthecompoundsTheprefixusedare:(1)mono-(mon-);(2)di-;(3)tri-;(4)tetra-;(5)penta-;(6)hexa-;(7)hepta;(8)octa-;(9)nona-;(10)deca-.Generallythelet

5、ter“a”isomittedfromtheprefix(from‘tetra’on)whennaminganonmetaloxideandoften“mono-”isomittedfromthenamealtogether2021/9/8Nameofsomenonmetaloxides2021/9/82021/9/82021/9/8Acidsalt(Acidcontainingacidhydrogen)Namesareformedbyaddingtheword“hydrogen”,withnumer

6、icalprefixwhennecessary,todenotethereplaceablehydrogeninthesalt.HydrogenshouldbefollowedwithoutspacebythenameoftheanionAnion:阴离子；Cation:阳离子e.g.NaHCO3:sodiumhydrogencarbonate(sodiumbicarbonate);LiH2PO4:lithiumdihydorgenphosphate;Na2HPO4:Disodiumhydrogenp

7、hosphate2021/9/8ExercisesH2S;HNO3;Ca(OH)2;NaH2PO4;Potassiumacetate;Trisodiumphosphate;Sulfurousacid;Sodiumsulfite;P2O5;NaHCO3;MgSO4;BaCl2;NaClO3;亚氯酸钾Hydrochloricacid;Ar五聚体；六聚体；结晶；苯磺酰胺1.TranslatethewordsintoEnglishorChinese2021/9/82.Translatethefollowing

8、intoEnglishBecarefulwiththatbottle.It'scyanide.ahardferromagneticsilver-whitebivalentortrivalentmetallicelement;atraceelementinplantandanimalnutrition.awhitepowdercomprisedofcalciumhydroxide,chloride,andhypochloriteandusedtobleac