澳大利亚历史英语介绍ppt课件.ppt

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1、AustraliaHistory姜婉莹尹梦瑶刘欣HumanhabitationinAustraliabeganmore47,000yearsago.Wherewereoriginalinhabitantancestorsfrom?PrehistoricTimes(史前时期）ThefirstdiscoveryofAustraliabyEuropeanexplorerswasin1606,whichmaybetakenasthestartingpointforwrittenhistoryofAustralia.T

2、heearlypre-colonialperiodThecolonialperiodFederationperiodModerntimes01020304Contents早期殖民前期殖民时期联邦时期现代时期Theearlypre-colonialperiod01European’sExplorationinAustraliaWillemJansz&DickHartogHollanderNavigatorSpanishNavigatorBritishNavigatorJamesCook真正发现澳大利亚的人（17

3、70）植物湾（BotanyBay)European’sExplorationinAustraliaTorres靠近澳洲东部的新赫布里底群岛证实：新几内亚与“未知的南方大陆”之间是由一道海峡分隔开而非连接在一起的（1606）有记载第一个踏上澳大利亚的欧洲人（1606）&澳大利亚西海岸首位发现者（1616）Thecolonialperiod021Thefoundationofcolony2Thegoldenrush01英国流放犯建立殖民地Reason:Theprimaryreasonwastheestablish

4、mentofapenalcolonytotoreducetheprisonpopulationandthecrimerateinBritian.TheBritishsettlementinAustraliabeganinthelate18thcentury.02Thefoundationofcolony1787.5.131788.1.2626,January11boatscarried575prisonersand212soldiersleavingforAustralia,theyarecalled“the

5、firstfleet(第一舰队）”TheyreachedSydneyHarbourandsettleddownhere.Australia’sNationalDay(澳大利亚国庆日）ThefoundationofcolonyMarkedaturningpointinAustralia’scolonialhistoryLeadanincreasedpoliticalindependencefromBritianandagreatdebateaboutfederation.PopulationofAustrali

6、aincreasedandbroughtimmediateandlong-termchangestotheeconomyBeganintheearly1850s1Influenceoneconomy23InfluenceonpoliticTheGoldenRush03FederationperiodQueenslandSouthAustraliaVictoria&TasmaniaNewSouthWalesWesternAustraliaSixSeparateColoniestheCommonwealthofA

7、ustraliaOn1January,1901,theProclamationoftheCommonwealthofAustraliawasheldinSydney.TheCommonwealthofAustraliaConstitutionActdividedthepowersofgovernmentbetweenthestateandthefederallevel.Thefederalgovernmenthadcontrolofdefence,communicationbetweenthestates,t

8、hepostalsystem,customs,immigration,foreignaffairs,welfare,andindustrialmattersthataffectedmorethanonestate.Eachstatekeptitsownparliament,andhadpoweroversuchmatterswithinitsownbordersaseducationandpolic