Department of Sustainable Development可持续发展部ppt课件.ppt

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1、EnergySecurityforEconomicDevelopmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanMarkLambridesDepartmentofSustainableDevelopmentOrganizationofAmericanStates(OAS)PresentationOutlineIntroductiontoEnergyIssuesinLACReviewofEnergyStatisticsSeveralStrategiestoAddressEnergySectorChal

2、lengesOAS/DSDEnergyProgramsGeneralAssemblySpecialThemeWhatdowemeanbyEnergy?Whataretheprimaryformsofenergyuse?ElectricityMechanical/HeatforindustryTransportationResidentialheat/cooking/non-electricallightingWhataretheprimary“fuels”forenergyproduction?Fossilfuels(o

3、il,naturalgas)NuclearRenewables(hydro,solar,wind,biomass,geothermal)Traditionalfuels(wood,dung,candles,batteries…)Whataresomeofthekeychallengesassociatedwiththeenergysector?Grid-tiedelectricityAddressinggenerationneedsAddressgrowingdemand(additionalgenerationcapa

4、city;multinationalinterconnections)ExtensionoftransmissionanddistributionlinesReliabilityof“fuelsupplies”(naturalgaslines;droughts;oilsupplydisruptions)Rising/fluctuatingfossilfuelprices(setbyinternationalmarkets)DependencyonimportsthroughoutmuchoftheregionHighca

5、pitalcostofrenewableenergyoptionsIncreasingtheefficiencyofenergygenerationanduseWhataresomeofthekeychallengesassociatedwiththeenergysector?RuralelectrificationGridextensionvs.household/communitysystems(solar,dieselgeneration…)Povertyalleviation(householdpollution

6、/safety,community/agriculturalapplications)Whataresomeofthekeychallengesassociatedwiththeenergysector?TransportationissuesReliabilityandcostoffuelsuppliesAdequateroadsandothermodesoftransportBio-fuels(andotheralternatives)Whataresomeofthekeychallengesassociatedwi

7、ththeenergysector?EnvironmentLocalpollutants(smog/othereffluents;image)Global-ClimateChange(mitigationbyreducingcarbonemissions;vulnerabilityissues)GeographyTheregionhassignificantenergyresources,butunevendistributionWidevariationinconsumptionpatterns(economicvar

8、iances)HighlyurbanizedregionSummary–VarietyofconcernspertainingtotheenergysectorinLACLACCountriesfacewidevarietyofconcerns:Energyresourcesupply/securityHighene