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1、专业英语课程作业编号⑷2015年10月中旬作业姓名：学号：成绩一、英译汉（共1337字）Waterpollutionisthecontaminationofwaterbodies(e.g.lakes,rivers,oceans,aquifersandgroundwater).Waterpollutionoccurswhenpollutantsaredirectlyorindirectlydischargedintowaterbodieswithoutadequatetreatmenttoremov
2、eharmfulcompounds.Waterpollutionaffectsplantsandorganismslivinginthesebodiesofwater.Inalmostallcasestheeffectisdamagingnotonlytoindividualspeciesandpopulations,butalsotothenaturalbiologicalcommunities.Waterpollutionisamajorglobalproblemwhichrequireson
3、goingevaluationandrevisionofwaterresourcepolicyatalllevels(internationaldowntoindividualaquifersandwells).Ithasbeensuggestedthatitistheleadingworldwidecauseofdeathsanddiseases,andthatitaccountsforthedeathsofmorethan14,000peopledaily.Anestimatedof580pe
4、opleinIndiadieofwaterpollutionrelatedillnesseveryday.[3]Around90%thewaterinthecitiesofChinaispolluted,andasof2007,halfabillionChinesehadnoaccesstosafedrinkingwater.[5]Inadditiontotheacuteproblemsofwaterpollutionindevelopingcountries,developedcountries
5、continuetostrugglewithpollutionproblemsaswell.InthemostrecentnationalreportonwaterqualityintheUnitedStates,45percentofassessedstreammiles,47%ofassessedlakeacres,and32percentofassessedbaysandestuarinesquaremileswereclassifiedaspolluted.TheheadofChinasn
6、ationaldevelopmentagencyin2007said1/4ththelengthofChina'ssevenmainriversweresopoisonedthewaterharmedtheskin.Wateristypicallyreferredtoaspollutedwhenitisimpairedbyanthropogeniccontaminantsandeitherdoesnotsupportahumanuse,suchasdrinkingwater,orundergoes
7、amarkedshiftinitsabilitytosupportitsconstituentbioticcommunities,suchasfish.Naturalphenomenasuchasvolcanoes,algaeblooms,storms,andearthquakesalsocausemajorchangesinwaterqualityandtheecologicalstatusofwater.Surfacewaterandgroundwaterhaveoftenbeenstudie
8、dandmanagedasseparateresources,althoughtheyareinterrelated.Surfacewaterseepsthroughthesoilandbecomesgroundwater.Conversely,groundwatercanalsofeedsurfacewatersources.Sourcesofsurfacewaterpollutionaregenerallygroupedintotwocategoriesbasedontheir
