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1、附录1：外文资料翻译A1.1SubstationandPowerSystemProtectionWiththedevelopmentofundertakingoftheelectricwirenetting,thepatternofnationalnetworkhasalreadytakenshapebasically.Scientificandtechnologicallevelraise,electricenvironmentalprotectioncanstrengthen,makescientificandtechnol
2、ogicalcompetenceandadvancedinternationalstandards,Chineseofpowerindustryclosedaybyday.Electricmanagementlevelandservicelevelarebeingimprovedconstantly,strategicplanningmanagementofelectricpowerdevelopment,productionoperatemanage,electricmarketadministrationandelectri
3、cinformationmanagementlevel,high-qualityservicelevel,etc.generaltoraiseenterprise.Thepurposeofasubstationistotransformthecharacteristicsoftheelectricalenergysuppliedtosomeformsuitableforuse,asforexample,aconversionfromalternationcurrenttodirectcurrentfortheuseofcityr
4、ailwayservice,orachangefromonevoltagetoanother,oronefrequencytoanother.Theirfunctionsinclude:Tap.─TObeeconomical,transmissionoflargeramountsofpoweroverlongdistancesmustbedoneatvoltagesabove110,000volts.Substationsforsupplyingsmallamountsofpowerfromsuchhigh-voltagelin
5、esarenotsatisfactoryfromthestandpointofoperationandarealsouneconomical.Itis,therefore,commonpracticetoinstallafewsubstationsatadvantageouspointsalongthehigh-tensionlinesandstepdownthehigh-transmissionvoltagetoalowersecondary-transmissionvoltagefromwhichnumeroussmalll
6、oadsmaybesupplied.Distribution.─Anysubstationthatisusedtotransformelectricalenergytoapotentialthatislowenoughforgeneraldistributionandutilizationisadistributingsubstation.Suchasubstationwillgenerallyreceiveitsenergyoverafewcomparativelyhigh-tensionlinesanddistributei
7、toveralargenumberoflow-voltagelines.Industrial.─Whenfairlylargeblocksofpowerarerequiredbyindustrialplants,itoftenbecomesnecessaryandadvisabletoinstallanindividualsubstationtosupplysuchaloaddirectlyfromthemainhigh-voltagelineorsecondarylineoflowervoltage.Itssimplestfo
8、rmwouldcompriseonlyswitchingequipment,therebeingnovoltagetransformation.Inmostcasesavoltagetransformationisprobablyneeded;hencetran
