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1、APracticalCourseofTranslationLecture6AmplificationandOmissionPart1AmplificationinEnglish-ChineseTranslationPart2AmplificationinChinese-EnglishTranslationPart3OmissioninEnglish-ChineseTranslationPart4OmissioninChinese-EnglishTranslationTeachingOutlinePartIAmplificationinE-CTrans
2、lationByamplification,alsocalledaddition,meanssupplyingnecessarywordsinourtranslationworkonthebasisofaccuratecomprehensionoftheoriginalsoastomaketheversioncorrectandclear,tomakeitappearmorelikethelanguagetranslatedinto.Atranslatorshouldtrytosupplynecessarywordstomakehisversionb
3、othaccurateinmeaningandinkeepingwiththeidiomaticuseofthetargetlanguage.Itisforthepurposeoffaithfulrepresentationofthethoughtoftheauthorthatweoftenresortto“amplification”.Examples1)HowshewishedshecouldsendthatmantotheFuries—forthepunishmentshethoughthedeserved.他真想把那个臭男人交给那母夜叉去整治
4、整治,也好让她出口恶气。Furies[希神]复仇女神(以清算罪恶为职责,被描绘成庄严、美丽的女郎)根据意义或修辞上的需要以及惯用法的需要,增译的情况可以概括为以下12种:1.Addingverbs英语中重复用词的情况较少,而汉语有时为了达到一定的修辞效果,经常使用重叠或排比句,翻译成汉语时需要在名词前增加动词。1)Intheevening,afterthebanquets,theconcertsandthetabletennisexhibitions,hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommuniqué.晚上在(参
5、加)宴会、(出席)音乐会、(观看)乒乒球表演之后,他还得起草最后公报。2)Mattercanbechangedintoenergy,andenergyintomatter.物质可以转换成能量,能量可以转化为物质。3)Mywork,myfamilyandmyfriendsweremorethanenoughtofillmytime.我干工作,做家务,朋友往来,这些占用了我的全部时间。2.Addingadj.1)WithwhatenthusiasmtheChinesepeoplearebuildingsocialism.中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设社会
6、主义啊!2)Itwillmakeamanofhiminthecollege.在那所大学里,一定能把他造就成堂堂的男子汉。根据原文的上下文,有些动词在一定的场合可增加适当的副词,以确切表达原意。1)Afterthethunderstorm,thecloudsmeltedaway.雷雨过后,乌云渐渐散去。2)Nowandthen,hisbootsshone.他的靴子时时闪闪发光。3)Ashesatdownandbegantalking,wordspourout.他一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完。3.Addingadv.4.1在不及物动词后增加名词由
7、于英语中有及物动词和不及物动词之分,有时宾语隐藏在动词后面,翻译成汉语时需要把宾语补充出来。Todosomeshopping买东西Todosomewashing洗衣服Heateanddrank,forhewasexhausted.由于疲倦了,他吃了些东西,喝了点酒。2)Theinvadingtroopslootedandrapedwherevertheywent.入侵士兵到处抢劫财物,奸污妇女。3)Dayafterdayhecametohiswork---sweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.他每天来干活---扫地,擦地板,收拾房间
8、。4.Addingnouns.4.2在形容词前增加名词1)“Itisreallyniceandcheap.Y