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时间:2020-06-02
《初中英语 定语从句 讲义.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。
1、定语从句在复合句中,修饰其名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般直接跟在它所修饰的先行词之后,引导定从的关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成分。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,在初中,我们主要学习限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与主句的关系十分密切,如果去掉,意思就不够完整,别人就会产生歧义,所以在使用定从时,一般不用逗号把主句和从句分开。作宾语的关系代词可以省略。关系
2、代词:that,which,who,whom,whose的用法:1.that:在定从中既可指人也可指物,既可作主语,又可作宾语,例如:Ilikemusicthatisquietandgentle.(指物,作主语)Who’sthemanthatisreadingoverthere?(指人,作主语)Haveyoureturnedthebook(that)youborrowedlastweek?(指物,作宾语,可省略)Thegirl(that)yousawjustnowismycousin.(指人,作宾语,可省略)2.which:在定从中只指物,作主语或宾语
3、。例如:Thebookwhichisonthedeskismine.(指物,作主语)Thenewswhichhetoldmeisreallyexciting.(指物,作宾语,可省略)1.Doyouknowtheboy______________isstandingthere?2.Thepen_______________isonthedeskismine.3.who:在定从中只指人,作主语,也可以代替whom作宾语。例如:Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusatalkyesterday?(指人,作主语,可用that代替)Theb
4、oywhobrokethewindowiscalledJim.(指人,作主语,可用that代替)Thisistheman(who)theyweretalkingaboutjustnow.(指人,作宾语,可用whom或that代替,也可省略)Youcan’twakeapersonwhoispretendingtobeasleep.4.whom:在定语从句中只指人,作宾语,可用who或that代替,但介词提前,不可省略。例如:Doyouknowtheman(whom/who/that)theteacheristalkingto?=Doyouknowthem
5、antowhomtheteacheristalking?Sheistheperson(whom/who/that)youshouldturntoforhelp.=Sheisthepersontowhomyoushouldturnforhelp.1.Theman_______________theheadteacheristalkingtoisnewhere.2.Theman_____________________theheadteacheristalkingisnewhere.5.whose:在定语从句中作定语既可指人,也可指物。例如:Thisist
6、hegirlwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclass.Theoldmanlivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.注:在指人作主语时,既可用who也可用that,不可省略,在指人作宾语时,既可用whom,who也可用that,可以省略,但介词提前,关系代词作介词的宾语时,只用whom,不可省略。在指物时,无论作主语或宾语,that,which均可作,只有作宾语时才可省略。在下列几种特殊情况下,关系代词只用that,而不用which,例如:A:先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,例如:Thisist
7、hemostinterestingmoviethatIhaveeverseen.(作宾语可省略)Thisisthemostbeautifulparkthatwehavevisited.(作宾语可省略)B:先行词被thevery,theonly等修饰时ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.(作宾语,可省略)Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastowaitpatiently.(作宾语,可省略)C:先行词被序数词修饰时Thefirstthingthatwedointhemorningistocleanth
8、eclassroom.(作宾语,可省略)Thisisthethirdlargestcityth
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