英语老师给的资料涂红部分.doc

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1、.Ps:老师给的资料涂红部分,句子、段落翻译。Chapterone:TheEvolutionofModernUrbanPlanningFacingwiththeurgentneedofpost-warreconstruction,1950s’urbanplanningshowedapatternorientedtowardrecoveryandeconomicdevelopment.Planningbecameprimarilyconcernedwithindustrialdevelopment,jobcre

2、ationandhousingprovision.However,plannerswithnobackgroundofeconomicandsocialtrainingcouldn’tbesensitivetothewidereconomic,politicalandsocialcomplexitiesofurbanplanning.Soplanningstillemphasizedmoreonphysicalland-usethantorespondthedemandofpost-warreconstruc

3、tion.面对战后重建的迫切需要,20世纪50年代城市规划主要面向战后重建和经济发展。规划变成首要关注工业发展，工作创造和住房供给。然而，规划者在没有经济背景和社会阅历，对更广阔的经济、政治和社会下复杂的城市规划不敏感。因此规划更加强调自然土地的使用超过响应战后重建的要求。TrendsinModernUrbanPlanningofUSUrbanplanningintheUnitedStatesisquitedifferentthanelsewhere.Sincetheyareafederaldemocracy

4、,theydonothavethecentralizednationalplanningthatprovidestheframeworkintowhichlocalplanningmustfit.IthasnotbeenpopulartosuggestthiscentralizedapproachsincemostAmericansabhorbiggovernment.Thus,the50statesemergeasthehighestlevelsforplanning,andsometimestheyare

5、subdividedintoregionalplanningareas.美国的城市规划完全不同于其他地方，因为他们是一个联邦制明主国家，他们没有中央集权式的国家级规划提供地方规划必须合适的框架。由于大多数美国人厌恶大政府这表明这种中央集权的方式是不受欢迎的。因此，50个州联合起来形成最高级别的规划，并且有时他们被细分为区域规划区Inboththedeclinemanagementandgrowthcontrolcontexts,thepreservationofsignificanthistoricareas

6、andbuildingsisamajortrendinurbanplanning.Therehasbeenalamentableinsensitivitytohistoricpreservationuntilfairlyrecenttimes,whenAmericanscametorealizethathistoricareasandbuildingswerebeingdestroyedandthataheritagewasbeinglostforever,Mostcitiesandstatesnowhave

7、vitalpreservationprogramsthatseektopreservewhatistrulysignificant.Agreatnumberofprogramsandincentiveshavearisentocontroldemolitionandencourageconservation.页脚.在抑制衰退和控制发展的背景下，对历史古迹的保护是城市规划的一个主要的发展趋势。直到这些年，美国人开始意识到历史区域和建筑被摧毁那些文化遗产将永远失去，才可悲的对历史遗迹的保护敏感，大部分城市和州有着

8、至关重要的保护项目，寻求保护这些项目是真的具有重大意义的。Formanyyearsurbanplanningplayedaregulatoryrolesinceitdealtwithwaystoensureconformitytopublicmasterplansandzoningordinances.Thisregulatoryfunctionoftenresultedinlitigationwh