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1、TheGoalEliyahuM.GoldrattAProcessofOngoingImprovementJeffCox1AbouttheTheoryofConstraintsEliGoldratt'sTheoryofConstraintsisbeingusedbythousandsofcorporations,andistaughtinover200colleges,universitiesandbusinessschools.Hisbookshavesoldover3millioncopiesandhavebeentranslatedinto23languages.2The
2、TheoryofConstraintsTheTheoryofConstraints(TOC)isanoverallphilosophydevelopedbyDr.EliyahuM.Goldratt,usuallyappliedtorunningandimprovinganorganization.TOCconsistsofProblemSolvingandManagement/Decision-MakingToolscalledtheThinkingProcesses(TP).TOCisappliedtologicallyandsystematicallyanswerthes
3、ethreequestionsessentialtoanyprocessofongoingimprovement:改进什么？Whattochange?改成什么样子？Whattochangeto?如何使改进得以实现？Howtocausethechange?3TheTheoryofConstraintsMorespecificusesoftheThinkingProcessescanbeusedtosignificantlyenhancevitalmanagementskills,suchas:win-winconflictresolutioneffectivecommunica
4、tionteambuildingskillsdelegationempowerment4TheTheoryofConstraintsFamousforspectacularresults,theuseofTOChasresultedinProvenSolutionscreatedbyapplyingtheThinkingProcesses(TP)inspecificfunctionalareassuchasSales,Marketing,Logistics,Finance,Accounting,EngineeringandProjectManagement.Manyofthe
5、sesolutionsarediscussedindetailinthebooks:TheGoal,TheRace,It'sNotLuckandCriticalChain.5TheTheoryofConstraintsTOCrecognizesthattheoutputofanysystemthatconsistsofmultiplestepswheretheoutputofonestepdependsontheoutputofoneormorepreviousstepswillbelimited(orconstrained)bytheleastproductivesteps
6、.Inotherwords,asparaphrasedinTheGoal,thestrengthofanychainisdependantuponitsweakestlink.6TheTheoryofConstraintsWheremanufacturingisconcerned,TOCpostulatesthatthegoalistomake(more)money.Itdescribesthreeavenuestothisgoal:IncreaseThroughputReduceInventoryReduceOperatingExpenseAsDr.Goldrattnote
7、s,theopportunitiestomakemoremoneythroughreductionsininventoryandoperatingexpensearelimitedbyzero.TheopportunitiestomakemoremoneybyincreasingThroughput,ontheotherhand,areunlimited.7TheTheoryofConstraintsWheremanufacturingisconcerned,TOCpostulatesthatthego
