定语从句的基本用法.ppt

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1、ClassbeginATTRIBUTIVECLAUSES哈市卫校邱尚瑛（一）定语从句的基本用法在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句被修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词：1.先行词是人—who,whom,whose,that.2.先行词是物—which,whose,that.关系副词（从句中做状语）：1.先行词是时间—when.2.先行词是地点—where.3.先行词是原因—why.例句1：Themanwho/thatwashereyesterdayisamiddleschoolteacher.

2、1.先行词—man（即从句修饰的名词或代词）;2.关系代词—who/that（修饰人）。例句2：ThisisthetownwhereIwasborn.1.先行词—town（即从句修饰的名词）；2.关系副词—where（修饰地点，从句中状语）。（二）由关系代词引导的定语从句引导词：whowhomwhosethatwhich1.Theboywho/thatisstandingoverthereismybrother.Theboyismybrother.Theboyisstandingoverthere.2.Thewoman(who

3、m/that)yousawinmyroomismymother.Thewomanismymother.Yousawthewomaninmyroom.3.Theletterisfrommyfamily.Ireceivedtheletteryesterday.Theletter(which/that）Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommyfamily.4.ThisisTom.Tom’smotherisourEnglishteacher.ThisisTomwhosemotherisourEnglishteacher.（

4、三）由关系副词引导的定语从句引导词:whenwherewhyIstillremembertheday____IfirstcametoBeijing.先行词“theday”在从句中做状语,表示时间:IfirstcametoBeijingontheday.(所以用关系副词when。)比较：Istillremembertheday(_________)wespendtogether.先行词“theday”在从句中做spend宾语：Wespendthedaytogether.（所以在该句中用关系代词which/that，并且可省略。）

5、which/thatwhen2.Thisistheplace_____weworkedlastyear.先行词“theplace”在从句中做状语，表示地点：Weworkedintheplacelastyear.(所以用关系副词where。)比较：Thisistheplace(_________)wevisitedlastyear.先行词“theplace”在从句中做visited的宾语：Wevisitedtheplacelastyear.(所以用关系代词which/that,并且可省略。)先行词在从句中做状语，用关系副词；先行

6、词在从句中做宾语或主语，用关系代词。wherewhich/that注意3.Thatisthereason(____)hedislikesme.Thatis(thereason)whyhedislikesme.先行词“thereason”表示原因，用关系副词why.该句中可省略先行词，或省略关系副词。why关系代词：1.先行词是人——2.先行词是物——关系副词：1.先行词是时间——2.先行词是地点————3.先行词是原因————————whowhosewhomthatwhichthatwhenwherewhywhose（四）限定

7、性定语从句和非限定性定语从句定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句；非限定性定语从句常用逗号与主句隔开；关系词的用法基本相同。限定性定语从句与先行词关系密切，对它有限制作用，如果去掉，句意表达不清；非限定性定语从句只对主句起补充或说明的作用；从句部分去掉后，句意完整，表达清楚。1.Heismybrother,whoisadoctor.我有一个兄弟，他是医生。（只有一个兄弟）2.Heismybrotherwhoisadoctor.我有一个当医生的兄弟。（至少有两个以上）下列情况必须用“that”,不能用“which”:1

8、.先行词是all,little,few。Isthisallthatisleft?(就剩下这一个了吗？)2.先行词anything,everything,nothing。Haveyougotanythingthatbelongstome?(你那有我什么东西吗？)3.先行词由no