语法一(简单句并列句定语从句)(.doc

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1、简单句、并列句和复合句一、简单句当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型：1．主语＋谓语Theplanehaslanded.Hesatdownbesideme.2．主语＋系动词＋表语表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语、从句等。Themedicinetasteshorrible.3．主语＋谓语＋宾语Whocananswerthisquestion?Lotsofpeopleareapplyingforthejob.4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语Myunclegavemeaticket.Ishowedmypassp

2、orttooneoftheimmigrationofficers.从以上例句可见，短的间接宾语(如me，them，Jane)都放在前面，较长的都放到后面。至于加to还是for要根据动词决定。5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语宾语和补语一起构成复合宾语。补语的作用就是为宾语补充一些重要的信息资料。Theyappointedhimmanagingdirector.在以上五类句子中，有些句子，如祈使句，主语一般省略掉。Showmeyourpassport.二、并列句并列句的两部分可用分号(；)连接。Itwasgettinglate；shehadtohurrytothestation.

3、但更多的并列句都包含一个并列连词，把两部分连接起来，这两部分可称为分句，也可称为并列分句。英语中的并列连词有：and,but,for,or,so,yet,nor，notonly...but(also)，either...or，neither...nor等，由它们连接并列分句。Heshookhishead，forhethoughtdifferently.三、复合句包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词或关系代词引导。从句分为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampio

4、nshipencouragedusallgreatly.Amanwhodoesn’tlearnfromotherscan’tachievemuch.Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.1．Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A．whoB．thatC．asD．what2．PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel，DavidCopperfield，was______itwasratherclose

5、lymodeledonhisownlife.A．whatB．thatC．whyD．whether3．—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That’s________Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A．whereB．howC．whenD．what4．InChina，thenumberofcitiesisincreasing___developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A．whereB．whichC．who

6、seD．that5．Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people，manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A．whomB．whichC．themD．those1．________scientistsknowwhereastormwillhappen，windswillsuddenlychange，carryingthestormtoanewdirection.A．EvenifB.SinceC．DespiteD．Unless2．Is________48hours_

7、_______themanmadesatellite________ismadeinourcountrytoorbittheplanetaround?A．it；that；whereB．it；when；thatC．itfor；thatittakes；thatD．it；thatittakes；which3．Inasportsteameachplayerhasaclearrole，andtherearefewoccasions________membersareconfusedoruncertainoftheirroles.A．whichB．t