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1、第一部分词汇专题一.名词单复数变形名词复数的规则变化构 成 法例 词A.在一般情况下，词尾加-sbook--booksbed--bedsB.以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词，词尾加-esbus--busesbox--boxesdish--disheswatch--watchesC.以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或fe改成v，再加-esknife--kniveswife--wivesD.以o结尾的单词，有生命的物质加-es，无生命的物质加-stomato--tomatoesphoto--photosE.以辅音字母加y结尾，先y将改i，再加上-
2、esfamily--familiescity--cities22名词所有格：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Children’sDay(儿童节),mysister’sbook(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如：Teachers’Day(教师节)(3)①两人各自的物品，可以采用A’sandB’s的形式,如：Lucy’sandLily’sbedrooms露西和丽丽的卧室(各自所有）②两人共有某物时,可以采用AandB’s的形式,如：LucyandLily’sbedroom露西和丽丽合住的
3、卧室二．代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词Imemymineyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititsits22weusourourstheythemtheirtheirs第一人称：I,we第二人称：you,you第三人称:she,he,it,they二．数词基数词序数词基数词序数词0zero16sixteensixteenth/16th1onefirst/1st17seventeenseventeenth/17th2twosecond/2nd18eighteeneightee
4、nth/18th3threethird/3rd19nineteennineteenth/19th4fourfourth/4th20twentytwentieth/20th5fivefifth/5th21Twenty-onetwenty-first/21st6sixsixth/6th22Twenty-twotwenty-second/22nd227sevenseventh/7th23Twenty-threetwenty-third/23rd8eighteighth/8th30thirtythirtieth/30th9nineninth/
5、9th40fortyfortieth/40th10tententh/10th50fiftyfiftieth/50th11eleveneleventh/11th60sixtysixtieth/60th12twelvetwelfth/12th70seventyseventieth/70th13thirteenthirteenth/13th80eightyeightieth/80th14fourteenfourteenth/14th90ninetyninetieth/90th15fifteenfifteenth/15th100hundred
6、hundredth/100th二．介词1.介词是虚词，不能单独使用， 有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of等2.表时间的介词：at,before,after,since,still,until,upon,on,from,between,by,in,during,for,through,within,over222,表地点的：at,form,between,near,b
7、eside,by,closeto,nextto,behind,infrontof,aheadof,before,beyond,past3,表工具或媒介：bythemeansof,with,through4,表内容：over,of,asfor,with,dueto6,表原因：for,becauseof,asaresultof,owingto,dueto二．冠词不定冠词：a、an。用在单数名词前，表示―一个，一件……。 an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。如： an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an hour
8、,anapple,anumbrella...a 用语辅音音素开头的单词前，如：a book, a pen 定冠词：the用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。三．形容词形容词表示某一事物或人的特征
