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1、ArchVirol(2006)151:17351748DOI10.1007/s00705-006-0752-9MolecularanalysisofBrazilianstrainsofbovinecoronavirus(BCoV)revealsadeletionwithinthehypervariableregionoftheS1subunitofthespikeglycoproteinalsofoundinhumancoronavirusOC43P.E.Brandao˜1,3,F.Gregori2,3,L.J.Richtzenhain
2、1,C.A.R.Rosales1,3,L.Y.B.Villarreal1,3,andJ.A.Jerez1,31FaculdadedeMedicinaVeterin´ariaeZootecnia,UniversidadedeSaoPaulo,SaoPaulo,Brazil2InstitutoBiol´ogicodeSaoPaulo,SaoPaulo,Brazil3CoronavirusResearchGroup,SaoPaulo,BrazilReceivedApril18,2005;acceptedFebruary27,2006Publi
3、shedonlineApril3,2006cSpringer-Verlag2006Summary.Bovinecoronavirus(BCoV)causesentericandrespiratorydis-ordersincalvesanddysenteryincows.Inthisstudy,51stoolsamplesofcalvesfrom10BraziliandairyfarmswereanalysedbyanRT-PCRthatamplifiesa488-bpfragmentofthehypervariableregionof
4、thespikeglycoproteingene.Maximumparsimonygenealogywithaheuristicalgorithmusingsequencesfrom15fieldstrainsstudiedhereand10sequencesfromGenBankandbredavirusasanoutgroupvirusshowedtheexistenceoftwomajorclusters(1and2)inthisviralspecies,theBrazilianstrainssegregatinginbothoft
5、hem.Themeannucleotideidentitybetweenthe15Brazilianstrainswas98.34%,withameanaminoacidsimilarityof98%.Strainsfromcluster2showedadeletionof6aminoacidsinsidedomainIIofthespikeproteinthatwasalsofoundinhumancoronavirusstrainOC43,supportingtherecentproposalofazoonoticspill-ove
6、rofBCoV.TheseresultscontributetothemolecularcharacterizationofBCoV,tothepredictionoftheefficiencyofimmunogens,andtothedefinitionofmolecularmarkersusefulforepidemiologicsurveysoncoronavirus-causeddiseases.IntroductionCoronavirusesareclassifiedintheorderNidovirales,familyCoro
7、naviridae,whichcomprisesthegeneraCoronavirusandTorovirus.Inthissameorder,onecanalsofindthefamiliesArteriviridaeandRoniviridae[18,54].The1736P.E.Brandaoetal.genusCoronavirusissubdividedintothreegroups(I,II,andIII)accordingtoepitopesofenvelopeglycoproteins,nucleotidesequenc
8、es,andnaturalhosts[24].Bovinecoronavirus(BCoV)belongstogroupII,withadiameterupto220nm.TheBCoVgenomeisan
