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1、虚拟语气（SubjunctiveMood）1.if（条件状语从句）从句谓语（if）主句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反did/werewould/could/should/might+doIfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.与过去事实相反haddonewould/could/should/might+havedoneIfyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexam.与将来事实相反①did②shoulddo③weretodowould/could/sho
2、uld/might+doIfitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.错综时间条件句主、从句时间不一致，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。eg.：IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况“were,had,should+主语”放句首（否定词not不能放前面）。eg.:①WereIinschoolagain，Iwouldworkharder.②Hadyoubeenhereearlier,y
3、ouwouldhaveseenhim.③Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.注意：Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoItaly.(√）Weren’titfortheexpense,IwouldgotoItaly.(×）含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）常用词：①介词：with,without,butfor(要不是，如果没有）；②连词：or,but；③副词：otherwise.eg.:①Withoutair,therewouldbenoliving
4、things.②Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinisheditinadvance.③Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhadtakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhad...2.wish（宾语从句）/ifonly(要是……就好了）从句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反did/were①Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.②IfonlyIwereabird!与过去事实相反
5、haddone①Jackdrovefastandwasinanaccident.Hesaid,“IwishIhaddrivenmorecarefully!”.②IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.与将来事实相反would/could/mightdoIwishyoucouldgowithustomorrow.精品文档，供参考！1.wouldrather+从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）从句谓语形式例句与现在或将来事实相反did/wereIwouldratheryoucametomorrow.与
6、过去事实相反haddoneI’dratheryouhadn’tbeenpresent.2.asif/asthough,evenif/though+从句从句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反did/wereHelookedasifhewereanartist.haddone与过去事实相反HetalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhehadbeentherebefore.与将来事实相反would/could/mightdoHeopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.注意：1.在asif/
7、asthough句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。eg.:Helooksasifheisgoingtobeill.2.asthough或asif引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。eg.:Thegirllefttheroomhurriedlyasif(shewas)angry.---------------------------------------------------------------------5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，用“（shoul
8、d）+动词原形”。Verb.注意一个“坚持”insist1.eg:Sheproposedthatthebook(should)bebanned.她提议查禁这本书。2.insist作“立言；强调”时，不能用虚拟语气；作“坚持（认为）；坚持（应该）”时用虚拟语气。·Mikeins
